塔里木盆地达玛沟下游古绿洲沙漠化考  

Research on the Desertification of Ancient Oases at the Lower Reach of Damagou River in Tarim Basin

作　　者：李并成[1] Li Bingcheng(College of History and Culture,Northwest Normal University,Lanzhou 730070,China)

机构地区：[1]西北师范大学历史文化学院,甘肃兰州730070

出　　处：《历史地理研究》2022年第2期1-10,155,共11页The Chinese Historical Geography

摘　　要：新疆塔里木盆地策勒县达玛沟下游古绿洲为一片典型的历史时期形成的沙漠化区域,总面积约660平方千米。古绿洲上散落着胡杨墩佛寺遗址、托普鲁克墩佛寺遗址、大墓地、胡杨墓地、喀拉沁古城、斯皮尔古城等众多古代遗迹。喀拉沁古城为唐代所设的坎城守捉(坎城镇、绀州),也即媲摩城(phema)。唐代喀拉沁古城商贸发达、人丁兴旺、佛教兴盛,公元790年以后荒弃。斯皮尔古城原为汉代西域渠勒国王城鞬都城,约魏晋后期荒弃。文中对于达玛沟下游古绿洲上的佛寺和城址的废弃,以及古绿洲沙漠化过程前后经历的两个阶段和沙漠化的原因,进行了剖析。On the lower reach of Damagou River in Tarim Basis,there was a desertified area once an oasis,it was about 80 square kilometers.On the ancient oasis area,many relics were scattered,such as Huyangdun Buddha temple ruins,Tuopulukedun Buddha Temple ruins,Big Graveyard,Huyang Graveyard,Kalaqin Ancient City,and Sipier Ancient City.The textual research shows the Kalaqin Ancient City was Kanchengzhen(Kanzhou)in Tang Dynasty,also the Phema City.In those years,the Kalaqin Ancient City was of a large population,commercially developed,and prosperous for Buddhism,but abandoned and desertified after 790 A.D.The Sipier Ancient City was the former capital of Qule State in Han Dynasty,but also abandoned and desertified in late Wei and Jin dynastys.The author analyzed two stages of desertification in the ancient oases and its causes.

关 键 词：达玛沟下游 古绿洲 沙漠化 喀拉沁古城 斯皮尔古城 

分 类 号：K928[历史地理—人文地理学]