宠物猫源病原菌分离鉴定及药物敏感性分析  

Isolation,identification and drug sensitivity analysis of pathogens isolated from companion felines

作　　者：耿娟[1] 韩荣嘉 刘建华[1] 陈上将 翟亚军 范钟锈 苑丽[1] 吴华[1] GENG Juan;HAN Rongjia;LIU Jianhua;CHEN Shangjiang;ZHAI Yajun;FAN Zhongxiu;YUAN Li;WU Hua(College of Veterinary Medicine,Henan Agricultural University,Zhengzhou 450046,China)

机构地区：[1]河南农业大学动物医学院,河南郑州450046

出　　处：《河南农业大学学报》2022年第4期634-641,共8页Journal of Henan Agricultural University

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31772800);河南省高校国家级大学生创新创业训练计划项目(202110466040)。

摘　　要：【目的】掌握宠物猫源病原菌种类及其对常用抗菌药物的耐药性情况,为宠物猫临床合理使用抗生素或抗菌药提供参考。【方法】从郑州市不同宠物医院采集63份宠物猫咽拭子、鼻拭子和肛拭子样品,进行细菌分离培养、革兰氏染色镜检与16S rRNA鉴定;对分离所得菌株采用微量肉汤稀释法测定14种常用药物的最小抑菌浓度(minimal inhibitory concentration,MIC),并进行药物敏感性与耐药性分析。【结果】分离鉴定得到的宠物猫源病原菌包括大肠杆菌16株、葡萄球菌8株、肠球菌14株及沙门氏菌4株。其中,大肠杆菌对β-内酰胺类的3种抗生素头孢喹肟(cefquinome,CFQ)、头孢噻呋(ceftiofur,CEF)和阿莫西林(amoxicillin,AMX)的耐药率比较高,分别是56.3%、68.8%和100.0%;对四环素类药物多西环素(doxycycline,DOX)的耐药率为37.5%,而对替加环素(tigecycline,TGC)的敏感率为100.0%;对酰胺醇类兽医专用药物氟苯尼考(florfenicol,FFC)的耐药率为31.3%;对氨基糖苷类药物阿米卡星(amikacin,AMK)和庆大霉素(gentamicin,GEN)的耐药率均为25.0%;14株肠球菌全部对CEF耐药(100.0%),对阿奇霉素(azitromycin,AZM)的耐药率达50.0%;葡萄球菌耐药率较高的药物依次是DOX(100.0%)、CFQ(87.5%)、CEF(75.0%)和泰乐菌素(tylosim,TYL)(62.5%);4株沙门氏菌对AMX、DOX、GEN这3种药物全部耐药,3株对FFC耐药。42株宠物猫源病原菌全部表现出对抗菌药物的耐药性,最少是1耐,最多是11耐;耐3类及以上药物的多重耐药菌株数共19株,占比45.2%(19/42);92.9%的病原菌出现耐2类及其以上药物,其中6耐的菌株数最多(9株),占多重耐药菌株总数的47.4%(9/19);5耐的菌株数次之(8株),占多重耐药菌株总数的42.1%(8/19);9耐和11耐的菌株数分别为1株,在多重耐药菌株总数中合计占10.5%(2/19)。【结论】宠物猫源病原菌对常用14种抗菌药物的多重耐药情况较为普遍,且存在高水平耐药性。【Objective】To master the pathogen species from companion felines and those drug resistance against commonly used antibiotics,and to provide reference for clinical rational use of antibiotics or antimicrobial drugs in companion felines【Method】63 throat swab,nasal swab,and anal swab samples of felines from different veterinary hospitals in Zhengzhou were collected for bacterial isolation culture,Gram staining microscopic examination and 16S rRNA identification.MIC of 14 kinds of commonly used antibacterial agents to all the isolates were detected by broth microdilution method in order to analyse the drug sensitivity and resistance.【Result】A total of 42 isolates were recovered from felines,including16 strains of Escherichia coli,8 strains of Staphylococcus,14 strains of Enterococcus and 4 strains of Salmonella.Among them,the resistance rates of Escherichia coli to cefquinome,ceftiofur and amoxicillin ware higher,which were 56.3%,68.8%and 100.0%,respectively.The resistance rate to doxycycline was 37.5%,and the sensitive rate to tigecycline is 100.0%.Its resistance to florfenicol,which is an antibiotics specific for veterinary medicine,amikacin and gentamicin,belonging to aminoglycosides,was observed in 31.3%,25.0%,25.0%of the isolates,respectively.All 14 isolates of Enterococcus(100.0%)were resistant to ceftiofur and 50.0%isolates of Enterococcus wre resistant to azitromycin.For Staphylococcus,the higher resistance rate to doxycycline,cefquinome,ceftiofur and tylosim were 100.0%,87.5%,75.0%and 62.5%,respectively.All of the 4 isolates of Salmonella were resistant to 3 antibiotics including amikacin,doxycycline and gentamicin.3 strains were resistant to florfenicol.All of the 42 strains of pathogenic bacteria from companion felines showed resistance to antibiotics,with a minimum of 1 resistance and a maximum of 11 resistance.19 strains(45.2%)showed resistance to 3 or more antimicrobial agents.39 of 42(92.9%)strains were resistant to 2 or more antibiotics,among them the number of strains resistant to 6 antib

关 键 词：宠物猫 病原菌 抗生素 药物敏感性 多重耐药 

分 类 号：S852.6[农业科学—基础兽医学]