双配重极坐标式机械平衡头设计及电主轴主动平衡试验  

Design of Double Counterweight Polar Coordinate Mechanical Balancer and its Active Balancing Test for Motorized Spindle

作　　者：樊红卫[1,2] 薛策译 邵偲洁 FAN Hongwei;XUE Ceyi;SHAO Sijie(School of Mechanical Engineering,Xi′an University of Science and Technology,Xi′an 710054,China;Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Mine Electromechanical Equipment Intelligent Monitoring,Xi′an 710054,China)

机构地区：[1]西安科技大学机械工程学院,西安710054 [2]陕西省矿山机电装备智能监测重点实验室,西安710054

出　　处：《机械科学与技术》2022年第8期1154-1162,共9页Mechanical Science and Technology for Aerospace Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51605380)。

摘　　要：转子在线主动平衡是旋转机械高速、精密和智能化的关键技术之一,能够不停机、无人干预地实时控制转子不平衡振动。从配重盘的极坐标运动原理出发,研究了机械式主动平衡头结构;研究了配重盘的平衡能力,获得了其设计规律;研究了平衡头作动方案,进行了单、双盘转动平衡仿真,证明了设计合理性。研究了转子在线影响系数平衡方法的原理,建立了电主轴单平面主动平衡平台,完成了不同工况下的平衡试验和振动数据分析。结果表明,所提出的电主轴在线主动平衡策略是有效的,在4500 r/min下电主轴的振动位移降至0.08μm,降振率达83.33%;在3900 r/min下一倍转频振动加速度降至0.7×10^(-4) g,降振率达93%。On⁃line active balancing of rotor is one of the key technologies in the high⁃speed,precision and intelligent rotating machine,which can control the unbalance⁃induced vibration of rotor in real time without stopping machine and human intervention.Based on the polar coordinate principle of counterweight disc,the structure of mechanical balancer is studied.The balancing capacity of counterweight disc is studied,and its design law is obtained.The actuation scheme of balancer is studied,and the single⁃disk and double⁃disk rotation⁃based balancing simulation is carried out,which proves the design rationality of proposed balancer.The principle of rotor balancing method based on on⁃line influence coefficient is studied,a single⁃plane active balancing platform of motorized spindle is set up,and the balancing tests and vibration data analysis under different working conditions are completed.The results show that the present on⁃line active balancing scheme of motorized spindle is effective,and can reduce the vibration displacement to 0.08μm at 4500 r/min with a reduction rate of 83.33%and 1 rotational frequency vibration acceleration to 0.7×10^(-4)g at 3900 r/min with a reduction rate of 93%.

关 键 词：转子不平衡 机械式平衡头 影响系数 电主轴 振动测试 

分 类 号：TH17[机械工程—机械制造及自动化]