从二元对立到二元合一:建立新型的实践政治经济学  

From Dualistic Opposition to Dyadic Integration: Toward a New Political Economy of Practice

作　　者：黄宗智 Philip C.C.Huang

机构地区：[1]不详

出　　处：《开放时代》2022年第4期141-161,M0007,M0008,共23页Open Times

摘　　要：本文提倡建立一个基于中国实践经验的新型政治经济学。本文首先说明从实践出发的研究进路和思维方式,将其比拟于医学而不是牛顿物理学和数学逻辑的认识方法,而后进入中国如今结合社会主义与市场经济,结合国有企业与民营企业,还结合小农经济与工业经济,以及独特的政党国家与经济体系等实际的讨论。文章针对的是长期以来占据霸权地位的,突出演绎逻辑、市场主义、科学主义的英美古典和新古典自由主义经济学和法学,以及伴之而来的意识形态和世界观。笔者提议借助中国传统的,以及今天在实践中仍然展示的二元合一思维,结合中西来建立具有超越性的新宇宙观。在一定程度上,文章也是对经典马克思主义政治经济学的重释。文章倡导的前瞻方向可以称作(民众)参与式的社会主义市场经济,区别于官僚主义管控型的社会主义计划经济。这是一个在实践过程中正逐步形成的新体系。This article argues for the construction of a new political economy based on Chinese practices. It begins with an explanation of the research approach of starting from practice, and from a distinctive mode of thinking that is akin to that of medicine, rather than Newtonian physics and mathematical logic. Then it discusses the present-day Chinese practices of combining socialism with market economy, state enterprises with private enterprises, the peasant economy with an industrial economy, and the party-state with the economy—all distinctive realities about the new Chinese political-economic system. The foil for the discussion is the long-standing hegemonic ideology and worldview of Anglo-American classical and neoclassical liberal economics and law. This article suggests that we employ China’s traditional dyadic integration worldview, evident in today’s practices, to arrive at a new integrative cosmological view that rises above both. To a considerable extent, this article is also a reinterpretation of classical Marxist political economy. What the article advocates may be termed a“participatory socialist market economy,”to be distinguished from a bureaucratized and controlling socialist planned economy.This is a system that is still very much in the process of formation, its particular content and characteristics yet to be clarified and specified through a sustained period of searching through practice.

关 键 词：演绎-归纳与医学推断 二元对立与二元结合 小农经济与现代化 “政党国家”与“政党军队” 中国共产党与官僚主义 

分 类 号：F124[经济管理—世界经济]