药物基因组学伦理问题再思——基于责任伦理  

Rethinking the Ethical Issues of Pharmacogenomics: Based on Ethics of Responsibility

作　　者：郭欣[1,2] GUO Xin(School of Marxism,China Pharmaceutical University,Nanjing 211198;Science Technology and Pharmaceutical History Research Center,China Pharmaceutical University,Nanjing 211198,China)

机构地区：[1]中国药科大学马克思主义学院,南京211198 [2]中国药科大学科学技术与药学史研究中心,南京211198

出　　处：《自然辩证法研究》2022年第7期50-55,共6页Studies in Dialectics of Nature

基　　金：2021年度中国药科大学中央高校基本科研业务费专项基金(3012100052);2022年度江苏省高校哲学社会科学研究项目“药学前沿科技责任伦理问题研究”。

摘　　要：药物基因组学旨在研发面向特定患者的“理想药物”,但在种族或人群分层、患者自主性、待遇公平等方面产生了一系列新型伦理问题。不同于常见伦理讨论聚焦于科技改良而忽视反思这门科学的形而上学或本体论意涵,责任伦理提供了新的视角:药物基因组学伦理问题所重现的科技进步与道德进步的不协调性,被置于“理想药物”与“人类形象”关系中得以重新诠释。现代科技对生命形而上学假设的中性化,以及药物基因组学对分子及其信息的“操纵”,是相关伦理问题的根本原因。该科学未来的发展可以与责任伦理对话:对药物的进一步认识将帮助人们更深刻理解生命与物质的复杂关系,对“理想药物”的追求将被充实以更为积极的道德意义。Pharmacogenomics aims to develop “ideal drugs” for specific patients, but it has created a series of new ethical issues in terms of ethnic or population stratification, patient autonomy, and fairness of treatment. Unlike common ethical discussions that focus on the technological improvement and neglect to reflect on the metaphysical or ontological implications of the science, the ethics of responsibility offers a new perspective: the incompatibility of scientific or technological progress and moral progress reproduced by the ethical issues of pharmacogenomics, was placed in the relationship between “ideal drugs” and “human image” to be reinterpreted. The metaphysical neutralizing of assumptions of life by modern technology and the “manipulation” of molecules and their information in pharmacogenomics are the root causes of related ethical issues. The future development of this science can be in dialogue with the ethics of responsibility: advances in the understanding of drugs will help people to understand the complex relationship between life and matter more deeply, and the pursuit of “ideal drugs” will be enriched with more positive moral meanings.

关 键 词：药学伦理 药物基因组学 责任伦理学 

分 类 号：N031[自然科学总论—科学技术哲学]