陕西省宝鸡市陈仓区吴山祭祀遗址2016–2018年考古调查与发掘简报  

Archaeological Survey and Excavation Report on Wushan Ritual Site of Chencang District of Baoji City,Shaanxi Province,2016-2018

作　　者：游富祥 赵富康(绘图) 张晓磊 杨武站 陈爱东 董卫剑 刘子豪 雷岩 

机构地区：[1]中国国家博物馆北京,100006 [2]陕西省考古研究院,西安710054 [3]宝鸡市考古研究所,宝鸡721006 [4]陈仓区博物馆,宝鸡721399

出　　处：《中国国家博物馆馆刊》2022年第7期6-45,共40页Journal of National Museum of China

摘　　要：吴山遗址位于陕西省宝鸡市陈仓区新街镇庙川村北侧吴山东麓山前台地。2016年,中国国家博物馆、陕西省考古研究院、宝鸡市考古研究所、陈仓区博物馆组成联合考古队,对遗址进行考古调查和勘探,确认遗址面积约为10.2万平方米,发现各类遗迹单位106处。经国家文物局批准,2018年对吴山遗址进行考古发掘,揭露面积800平方米,发现车马祭祀坑8座,坑内均有驷马一车,出土青铜车马器、玉器、铁器、骨器等232件组。吴山遗址祭祀坑与陕西凤翔雍山血池秦汉祭祀遗址2016年发掘的A类坑类型相近,年代相近。综合历史文献和考古发现,吴山遗址出土的铁锸应与玉人、玉琮、车马器具有同样的祭祀属性,并用于祭祀特定对象炎帝。吴山遗址应是秦灵公所作吴阳下畤。In 2016, the National Museum of China, Shaanxi Academy of Archaeology, Baoji Archaeological Research Institute and Chencang District Museum jointly conducted an archaeological investigation on the Wushan site located at the foot of Mount Wushan to the north of Miaochuan Village of Xinjie Town, Baoji City of Shaanxi, confirming that the site area is about 102,000 square meters and discovering 106 monumental units. With the approval of the National Cultural Heritage Administration, archaeological excavations were conducted in 2018, revealing an area of 800 square meters where eight sacrificial pits each with one carriage and four horses, 232 sets of bronzes, jadeware, ironware and bone objects were discovered. The sacrificial pits at the Wushan site are similar in type and age to the class A pits excavated in 2016 at the Yongshan Xuechi site of the Qin and Han dynasties in Fengxiang, Shaanxi. According to historical literature and archaeological findings, the iron spade from the Wushan site is for ritual uses just as jade figures, jade cong, and carriage implements, and it was used to worship a specific person, the Emperor Yan. The Wushan site should be the lower site for Wuyang sacrifice constructed by King Qin Linggong.

关 键 词：吴山遗址 秦汉祭祀 吴阳下畤 炎帝 

分 类 号：K878[历史地理—考古学及博物馆学]