吴山祭祀遗址祭祀坑殉牲的初步研究  

Preliminary Study of Livestock Sacrifice at the Wushan Ritual Site

作　　者：杨苗苗 游富祥 胡松梅 杨曈 Yang Miaomiao;You Fuxiang;Hu Songmei;Yang Tong

机构地区：[1]陕西省考古研究院,西安710054 [2]中国国家博物馆,北京100006

出　　处：《中国国家博物馆馆刊》2022年第7期58-66,共9页Journal of National Museum of China

摘　　要：本文整理分析了吴山遗址祭祀坑中出土的马骨的鉴定、测量结果。根据马骨门齿萌出、臼齿萌出及肢骨骨骺愈合情况判断,遗址中的殉牲几乎都是马驹。据文献记载,秦帝国时期雍地畤祭祀殉牲为“秋冬用畤驹四匹,木禺龙栾车一驷”,自汉武帝以后“以木禺马代驹”。从祭祀坑均为车马坑、殉牲均为马驹的情况来看,吴山遗址祭祀坑所属时代应为秦至西汉早期。This paper collates and analyzes the identification and measurement results of the horse bones excavated from the sacrificial pits at the Wushan site. Based on the emergence of incisors and molars and the healing of the epiphysis of the limbs, almost all of the horses were horse foals.According to literature, the sacrificial ritual of the Qin Empire uses "four horse foals and a carriage with wooden dragon designs in the autumn and winter", and after Emperor Wu of Han Dynasty, "wooden horses were used instead of foals". From the fact that the sacrificial pits are all carriage pits and the sacrificial animals are all real horses, the sacrificial pits at the Wushan site belong to the period from the Qin to the early Western Han dynasty.

关 键 词：吴山遗址 祭祀坑 殉牲 马驹 秦汉时期 

分 类 号：K878[历史地理—考古学及博物馆学]