基于安装相位寻优的航空发动机多级转子振动抑制方法  

Vibration suppression method of aeroengine multistage rotor based on installation phase optimization

作　　者：陈越 崔继文[1,2] 孙逊[1,2] 谭久彬 CHEN Yue;CUI Jiwen;SUN Xun;TAN Jiubin(Centre of Ultra-Precision Optoelectronic Instrument Engineering,Harbin Institute of Technology,Harbin 150080,China;Key Lab of Ultra-Precision Intelligent Instrumentation,Harbin Institute of Technology,Harbin 150080,China)

机构地区：[1]哈尔滨工业大学超精密光电仪器工程研究所,哈尔滨150080 [2]哈尔滨工业大学超精密仪器技术及智能化工信部重点实验室,哈尔滨150080

出　　处：《振动与冲击》2022年第15期138-145,208,共9页Journal of Vibration and Shock

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(52075131);黑龙江省自然科学基金杰出青年项目(JQ2019E002)。

摘　　要：为了通过最优匹配航空发动机多级转子的安装相位来实现对转子系统的振动抑制,首先建立了不平衡质量点与装配止口形心在装配过程中的坐标传递模型,然后推导了质量偏心和止口偏心对转子的激励形式,进而将坐标传递模型和激励力引入多级转子系统动力学方程,建立了各级转子安装相位与转子振动响应的数学关系。最后构建了转子振动位移归一化评价函数,并采用遗传算法实现了转子振动位移的极小化和最优安装相位序列的求解。计算结果表明,以振动位移归一化评价函数为优化目标所求得的最优安装相位,相比于默认相位,可使转子系统在临界转速下的振动位移大幅降低,且优于以几何偏心距和不平衡量为优化目标对转子振动的抑制效果。Here,to suppress vibration of rotor system by optimally matching installation phase of multi-stage rotor of aeroengine,firstly,a coordinate transfer model for unbalanced mass points and centroids of assembly lips in assembly process was established,and excitation forms of mass eccentricity and lip eccentricity on rotor were deduced.Then,the coordinate transfer model and excitation force were introduced into dynamic equations of multi-stage rotor system.The mathematical relation between each stage rotor installation phase and rotor vibration responses was established.Finally,the normalized evaluation function for rotor vibration displacements was constructed,and the genetic algorithm was used to realize minimizing rotor vibration displacements and solving the optimal installation phase sequence.The calculation results showed that compared with default phases,the optimal installation phases obtained by taking the vibration displacement normalization evaluation function as the optimization objective can greatly reduce vibration displacements of rotor system at critical speed;their rotor vibration-suppressing effect is better than that by taking rotor’s geometric eccentricity and unbalance as the optimization objective.

关 键 词：航空发动机 多级转子 安装相位寻优 转子动力学 振动响应 

分 类 号：TH113[机械工程—机械设计及理论] V263.2[航空宇航科学与技术—航空宇航制造工程]