丘陵地区城市的风道规划方法研究——以广州城市设计重点地区为例  

URBAN VENTILATION CORRIDOR PLANNING IN HILLY AREAS:A CASE STUDY ON URBAN DESIGN PIVOT ZONE IN GUANGZHOU

作　　者：巫溢涵 詹庆明[3,4] WU Yihan;ZHAN Qingming

机构地区：[1]武汉大学城市设计学院 [2]华中科技大学建筑与城市规划学院、湖北省城镇化工程技术研究中心 [3]武汉大学数字城市研究中心 [4]中国城市规划学会城市规划新技术应用学术委员会

出　　处：《城市规划》2022年第7期24-34,共11页City Planning Review

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(52078389)“面向治理能力提升的基于时空大数据的空间规划方法研究”;国家自然科学基金面上项目(51878515)“多源时空大数据环境下基于通风机理的雾霾应对规划方法研究”;国家自然科学基金面上项目(51378399)“基于GIS和RS通风潜力分析的城市风道规划支持方法研究”。

摘　　要：丘陵地区城市与平原地区城市的近地层风场特征通常呈现出显著差异。为缓解丘陵地区城市中特殊地形结构造成的通风不畅、热岛效应、污染积聚等问题,以广州城市设计重点区域作为实验场域,使用顾及复杂地形条件的综合迎风面积密度指数描述地区通风潜力,提出不同风向条件下基于最小整体通风阻抗的风道识别方法,并依据风道宽度、风道与主导风向一致性两项准则确定区域通风廊道范围,划定其风道等级;同时结合局地环流特征和德国学者克雷斯、西弗斯等提出的冷空气补偿理论,识别补偿区、作用区以及二者之间的冷空气传输区;由此在区域和局地层面形成了完善且能互补的城市通风系统,促进了风道规划的空间落位与通风规划管理手段的精细化实施。The near-ground wind environment in hilly cities often displays a distinct flow regime compared with that in a city situated on a flat terrain.To alleviate poor ventilation,urban heat island effect,and pollutant accumulation problems induced by the particular topographic structure in hilly areas,this paper develops a new systematic approach to delineate urban ventilation corridors,with the urban design pivot zone in Guangzhou as the research area.This research employs a composite frontal area density index to quantify urban ventilation potentials,and proposes a new least cost path approach to derive regional ventilation corridors when different wind directions were considered.The regional ventilation corridors are classified into various classes according to their width and their consistency with the predominant wind directions.Moreover,from a local perspective,it identifies the cold-air reservoir areas,cold-air impact areas,and the buffer zones in-between them based on Kress and Sievers’s cold-air exchange theory.The research thus develops an integral urban ventilation planning scheme that synthesizes both regional and local airflow dynamics,which may facilitate and empower the implementation of fine-scale urban ventilation management.

关 键 词：丘陵地区 城市微气候 城市风道 局地环流 规划信息化 

分 类 号：TU984.1[建筑科学—城市规划与设计]