自修复水凝胶材料的设计合成及生物医学应用  

Self-healing hydrogels:Preparation,properties,and applications

作　　者：傅超萍 黄伟森 卢晓畅 王士斌[1,2] 张黎明 陈爱政[1,2] Chaoping Fu;Weisen Huang;Xiaochang Lu;Shibin Wang;Liming Zhang;Aizheng Chen(Institute of Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering,Huaqiao University,Xiamen 361021,China;Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Biochemical Technology,Huaqiao University,Xiamen 361021,China;State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers,Fudan University,Shanghai 200438,China;School of Materials Science and Engineering,Sun Yat-sen University,Guangzhou 510275,China)

机构地区：[1]华侨大学生物材料与组织工程研究所,厦门361021 [2]华侨大学,福建省生物化工技术重点实验室,厦门361021 [3]复旦大学,聚合物分子工程国家重点实验室,上海200438 [4]中山大学材料科学与工程学院,广州510275

出　　处：《科学通报》2022年第21期2473-2481,共9页Chinese Science Bulletin

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(U1605225,32071323,81971734);福建省生物材料科技创新团队发展计划资助。

摘　　要：水凝胶柔软且有弹性,含水量高,其结构、性能与生物组织相似,生物相容性和生物安全性好.因此,被广泛应用于组织工程、药物输送、创伤敷料等领域,具有非常广阔的应用前景.自修复材料模仿生物体损伤自愈原理,自行发现损伤和裂纹并通过一定机理自修复愈合,是近年来水凝胶领域的研究热点和难点.本文综述了近10年来具有代表性的自修复物理水凝胶和自修复化学水凝胶等新型高分子水凝胶方面的重要研究进展,总结了其设计与合成的基本原理和方法,介绍了几种典型的水凝胶自修复机制,阐述了基于静电作用、疏水作用、氢键作用、主客体作用等物理作用,以及基于酰腙键、亚胺键、二硫键等可逆化学键作用的自修复水凝胶的应激自修复原理和特性.在此基础上,分析讨论了自修复水凝胶作为潜在生物材料仍需解决的关键科学问题,并对本领域的发展趋势进行了展望.Hydrogels are three-dimensional(3D)network-like hydrophilic polymers architectures,which can hold a large amount of water and swell without dissolving while upholding the structure due to physical or chemical crosslinking of discrete polymer chains.Owing to inherent morphological and physicochemical attributes,such as softness,elasticity,and high water content,these highly dense polymeric structures resemble biological tissues,which are of specific interest in diverse application prospects in biomedicine.Nonetheless,the traditional hydrogels are heterogeneous and vulnerable to external stress,significantly limiting their applicability.Therefore,various hydrogels with self-healing properties have been designed and synthesized,which can prolong the life of hydrogels and improve the durability,reliability,and safety of materials.Broadly speaking,hydrogels can be divided into physical and chemical hydrogels based on the interactions between the individual polymer chains.On the one hand,physical hydrogels are often based on non-covalent interactions,such as electrostatic,hydrophobic,hydrogen bonding,and host-guest interactions.These non-covalent interactions are generally weaker than covalent cross-linkages,resulting in the poor mechanical properties of hydrogels.On the other hand,chemical hydrogels are based on reversible covalent interactions,such as acyl hydrazone,imine,disulfide,imine,and borate bonds.These chemical linkages are relatively stronger over physical interactions,providing a stable cross-linked network while maintaining its dynamics within the hydrogel.In addition,the non-covalent effects of physical hydrogels usually require to be reversible within a certain range of environmental conditions,such as a suitable pH or temperature range,to achieve self-repair performance.Contrarily,if it exceeds this expedient range,the hydrogel structure may be destroyed,losing its self-healing ability.Therefore,self-healing hydrogels based on non-covalent interactions often possess responsiveness,such as temperature,pH

关 键 词：自修复水凝胶 生物材料 可逆化学键 可逆非共价作用 

分 类 号：R318.08[医药卫生—生物医学工程] TQ427.26[医药卫生—基础医学]