环境介质中左旋葡聚糖记录与植被火燃烧变化研究进展  

Progress of levoglucosan records and vegetation fire changes in environmental media

作　　者：游超 邬光剑[2] 王宁练 赵华标[2,4] 徐超 夏萃慧 Chao You;Guangjian Wu;Ninglian Wang;Huabiao Zhao;Chao Xu;Cuihui Xia(College of Environment and Ecology,Chongqing University,Chongqing 400044,China;Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100101,China;College of Urban and Environmental Sciences,Northwest University,Xi’an 710127,China;Ngari Station for Desert Environment Observation and Research,Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Ngari 859700,China;Institute of Atmospheric Physics,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100029,China)

机构地区：[1]重庆大学环境与生态学院,重庆400044 [2]中国科学院青藏高原研究所,北京100101 [3]西北大学城市与环境学院,西安710127 [4]中国科学院青藏高原研究所阿里荒漠环境综合观测研究站,阿里859700 [5]中国科学院大气物理研究所,北京100029

出　　处：《科学通报》2022年第21期2522-2534,共13页Chinese Science Bulletin

基　　金：第二次青藏高原综合科学考察研究(2019QZKK0103);国家自然科学基金(41725001);中国科学院青年创新促进会会员项目(2020071);重庆大学人才启动经费资助。

摘　　要：左旋葡聚糖主要来源于植物体纤维素在植被火燃烧发生时的高温热裂解过程,化石燃料燃烧的贡献极低,在环境研究中通常被作为示踪植被火燃烧的分子标志物.左旋葡聚糖研究在近年来备受关注,对地表环境介质中左旋葡聚糖记录及其对植被火燃烧变化的指示意义获得了如下主要认识:气溶胶中的左旋葡聚糖能够反映从事件至季节尺度的植被火燃烧变化,雪冰和沉积物中的左旋葡聚糖记录则能够揭示从季节至冰期-间冰期尺度的植被火燃烧变化规律.因此,左旋葡聚糖有望成为地表环境介质中指示植被火燃烧变化的可靠代用指标,但涉及其稳定性、在冰芯与沉积物中记录解析、与其他环境代用指标的对比等方面还需要进一步加强研究.Vegetation fire,also called biomass burning,wildfire,landscape fire,bushfire,forest fire,scrub fire,crop residue burning,peat bog fire,savanna fire and grass fire,are spontaneous combustion of plants in a natural setting.Vegetation fires began soon after the appearance of terrestrial plants in the Silurian about 420 million years ago.The regime of vegetation fire has varied with long-term changes in global climate and shorter-term regional changes in climate and vegetation since then,and human beings have altered fire activity since the mid-Holocene,especially in recent years.Vegetation fire affects vegetation distribution,ecological structure,biogeochemical and hydrologic cycles,geophysical processes,and the climate system at local to global scales.Vegetation fire is one of the largest sources of trace gases and aerosols in the Earth’s atmosphere.It contributes more than half of black carbon and about 80%of primary organic aerosol worldwide.Besides,smoke aerosol from vegetation fire is composed of hundreds of chemical components,and many of which(e.g.,polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons)are known to be harmful to human health.Fire smoke causes more than 600000 premature deaths annually worldwide.Therefore,understanding the spatial-temporal changes of vegetation fire is of great importance.Using some specific biomarkers for tracing changes and emissions of vegetation fire has become a research focus in recent years.Among various chemical components,anhydro-sugars are mainly emitted by pyrolysis of cellulose and hemicellulose when burning temperature exceeds 300°C,whereas the contribution of fossil fuel emissions seems to be negligible.Levoglucosan accounts for more than 90%of anhydro-sugars in the nature.Levoglucosan has been reported with a lifetime longer than ten days under most atmospheric conditions,and thus could be transported far from the fire sources.The annual total levoglucosan emission is estimated at about 3.8 Tg(million ton)per year worldwide,however,when atmospheric degradation is considered,the at

关 键 词：左旋葡聚糖 植被火燃烧 气溶胶 水体 雪冰 沉积物 

分 类 号：TK6[动力工程及工程热物理—生物能]