水稻无融合生殖研究进展  

Recent Advances in Rice Apomixis Research

作　　者：张秀丽 毛毕刚 吕启明[1,2] 赵炳然 ZHANG Xiu-li;MAO Bi-gang;LÜQi-ming;ZHAO Bing-ran(Longping Branch of Graduate School,Hunan University,Changsha,Hunan 410125,China;Hunan Hybrid Rice Research Center/State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice,Changsha,Hunan 410125,China)

机构地区：[1]湖南大学研究生院隆平分院,湖南长沙410125 [2]湖南杂交水稻研究中心/杂交水稻国家重点实验室,湖南长沙410125

出　　处：《杂交水稻》2022年第4期1-6,共6页Hybrid Rice

基　　金：湖南杂交水稻研究中心科研创新基金(ZD201901)。

摘　　要：杂交水稻相比常规水稻一般有20%的产量优势,为中国乃至世界粮食安全做出了重大贡献,但杂交水稻后代要分离,每年必须专门生产种子,大大增加了杂交水稻生产成本,如果能够将F1杂种优势固定下来,杂交水稻将迎来新的大发展。袁隆平在1987年提出杂交水稻育种方法三步走的战略,三系法和两系法都已经大范围推广应用,而一系法杂交水稻目前离生产应用还有非常大的距离。最近,随着植物功能基因组学和基因组编辑技术的发展,水稻无融合生殖研究取得了重大进展,为一系法杂交水稻成功实现奠定了重要基础。With a yield advantage of 20%over conventional rice,hybrid rice has made outstanding contributions to food security in China and the world.However,the offsprings of hybrid rice are separated,so the hybrid seeds must be produced every year,which greatly increases the production cost of hybrid rice.If the F1 heterosis can be fixed,hybrid rice will usher in a new development.In 1987,Yuan Longping proposed a three-step strategy for hybrid rice breeding.The three-line method and two-line method have been succeeded and widely applied,while the one-line hybrid rice has still a long way to go before its application in production.Recently,with the development of plant functional genomics and genome editing technology,significant progresses have been made in rice apomixis research,laying an important foundation for the successful realization of one-line hybrid rice.

关 键 词：杂交水稻 无融合生殖 单倍体诱导 基因组编辑 CRISPR-Cas9 

分 类 号：S511[农业科学—作物学] Q75[生物学—分子生物学]