2014—2019年青岛口岸输入性疟疾监测  

Surveillance of imported malaria in Qingdao port during 2014-2019

作　　者：张瑾 侯伟 徐翮飞 薛晓宁 张娟 ZHANG Jin;HOU Wei;XU He-fei;XUE Xiao-ning;ZHANG Juan(Qingdao International Travel Healthcare Center,Qingdao,Shandong 266071,China)

机构地区：[1]青岛国际旅行卫生保健中心,山东青岛266071

出　　处：《中国国境卫生检疫杂志》2022年第3期240-242,共3页Chinese Journal of Frontier Health and Quarantine

基　　金：青岛海关科研项目(QK201907);病原微生物生物安全国家重点实验室开放课题(SKLPBS1841)。

摘　　要：目的分析青岛口岸输入性疟疾病例的流行病学特征,为疟疾防控提供参考。方法2014—2019年,对青岛口岸从疟疾流行区入境的发热人员采集全血,分别用快速检测试剂条(RDT)和实时荧光PCR方法检测疟原虫抗原和核酸,巢式PCR对样本中疟原虫进行分型。运用描述流行病学方法对输入性疟疾病例监测数据进行分析。结果2014—2019年,青岛口岸从136名疑似疟原虫感染的入境人员中检出疟疾46例,阳性率为33.82%,其中恶性疟32例(69.57%),间日疟4例(8.70%),三日疟3例(6.52%),卵形疟7例(15.22%)。检出病例无明显季节性,病例以20~29岁年龄组最多(30.43%),男性为主(97.83%),病例主要来自于非洲(93.48%)、东南亚(4.35%)和大洋洲(2.17%)。结论青岛口岸4种疟原虫感染均有输入,以恶性疟原虫感染为主,主要来自于非洲,2017年后卵形疟输入明显增多。Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of imported malaria at Qingdao port,and provide evidence for the prevention and control of malaria.Methods The whole blood samples of entry persons from malaria epidemics with fever were collected at Qingdao port.Malaria infection was diagnosed by detecting specific malaria antigen with Rapid Detection Test and detecting nucleic acid of Plasmodium with Real-time PCR method.Plasmodium was subtyped by using nest-PCR method.Descriptive statistics was conducted to analyze the surveillance and detection results.Results A total of 136 whole blood samples were collected from malaria suspect cases at Qingdao port from 2014 to 2019.Fourty-six malaria cases were confirmed with the rate 33.82%.Among these cases,32(69.57%)were infected by Plasmodium falciparum,4(8.70%)by P.vivax,3(6.52%)by P.malaria,and 7(15.22%)by P.ovale.The disease onset showed no significant seasonal variations.The cases were most 20-29-yearold(30.43%)males(97.83%).Most cases(93.48%)were imported from Africa,followed by Southeast Asia(4.35%)and Oceania(2.17%).Conclusion Four types of plasmodium infection cases were detected in Qingdao port.P.falciparum was the predominant species.But there has been a substantial increase of imported P.ovale incidence from 2017.

关 键 词：疟疾 输入性 卵形疟原虫 

分 类 号：R183.3[医药卫生—流行病学]