Characteristics and changes of the Himalayas glacial area in China during 1990-2015  

作　　者：SHI Shu-xian XING Li DING Yue-kai DONG Jun LIU Rui JI Qin XIAO Zuo-lin HUANG Xun 

机构地区：[1]The Key Laboratory of GIS Application Research,School of Geography and Tourism,Chongqing Normal University,Chongqing,401331,China [2]Key Laboratory of Geographic Information Science(Ministry of Education),East China Normal University,Shanghai,2002412,China

出　　处：《Journal of Mountain Science》2022年第7期1961-1973,共13页山地科学学报（英文）

基　　金：funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.41907396,42001388 and 42071277);Chongqing Research Program of Basic Research and Frontier Technology(No.cstc2019jcyj-msxm X0515);the Science Foundation of the Chongqing Normal University(22XLB002,22XLB003)。

摘　　要：In recent decades,the continuously changed glaciers in the Himalayas not only affected process of atmospheric flow and water cycle in the plateau but also increased the frequency of secondary disasters,such as ice collapse and outburst floods.Therefore,the monitoring of Himalayas glacial change is of great significance in the aspects of climate change and disaster prevention and reduction.The Himalayas glacier outlines in China were extracted by ratio threshold and visual interpretation based on the Landsat TM/ETM+/OLI data and glacier catalogue data.Based on the ASTER GDEM data,the distribution and change characteristics at different altitudes were studied,and the surface moraine was identified to study the influence of glacial area variations.In addition,Glaciers were divided into marine and continental glaciers in this study,and the distribution and changes of the two types of glaciers were analyzed.Also,a comprehensive analysis of a long time series was performed.The results showed that:(1)From 1990 to 2015,the glaciers in the study area showed an overall trend of melting;the annual melting speed gradually accelerated from 0.48%/a to 0.75%/a.The total melting glacial area was 828.16 km,and the melting rate of the glaciers in the western section was the highest,at 0.63%.(2)The total area of continental glaciers was larger than that of marine glaciers,and its reduction was relatively larger,too.(3)The average size of debris-covered glaciers was 10 times that of debris-free glaciers,but their rate of change(8.1%)was 1/2 of that of debrisfree glaciers(17.8%).(4)The number of glaciers gradually decreased as the size of glaciers increased.The glaciers with grades of>50 km,0.5~1 km,and 1~2 kmhad large change rates,which were 20.1%,19.1%,and 18.5%,respectively.In summary,the Himalayas glaciers in China were melting at an accelerated rate and their numbers were gradually decreasing from 1990 to 2015.The location,type,elevation,size and debris cover of a glacier are all important factors influencing glacier change.It h

关 键 词：HIMALAYAS Glacial area Remote sensing Shrinkage and expansion area Debris-covered glaciers 

分 类 号：P343.6[天文地球—水文科学] P467[天文地球—地球物理学]