络合剂在溶剂萃取法中分离稀土的研究现状及展望  

Research Status and Prospects of Complexing Agents in Separation of Rare Earths in Solvent Extraction

作　　者：张文杰[1] 童雄[1,2] 谢贤 杜云鹏[1] 曹阳 宋强[1] Zhang Wenjie;Tong Xiong;Xie Xian;Du Yunpeng;Cao Yang;Song Qiang(School of Land and Resources Engineering,Kunming University of Science and Technology,Kunming 650093,China;Engineering Research Center for Metal Tailings Resource Utilization of Yunnan Province,Kunming 650093,China)

机构地区：[1]昆明理工大学国土资源工程学院,云南昆明650093 [2]云南省金属尾矿资源化利用工程研究中心,云南昆明650093

出　　处：《中国稀土学报》2022年第4期550-560,共11页Journal of the Chinese Society of Rare Earths

基　　金：国家自然科学联合基金项目(U1802252)资助;国家自然科学基金项目(51764024)资助。

摘　　要：高纯度单一稀土产品的生产是保障其在不同领域应用的前提,溶剂萃取法作为分离纯化稀土最主要的方法,由于具有分离系数高、饱和容量大、工艺流程简单、能够连续生产等优点,被广泛应用于工业生产中。但是,原始工艺中产生大量的氨氮废水对环境影响巨大,与绿色低碳生产理念相违背,急需绿色高效新萃取体系的开发。络合体系作为一种更加绿色高效的萃取体系,越来越引起关注。文章详细综述了不同络合剂在溶剂萃取法分离纯化稀土中的应用,根据萃取分离效果以及回收循环利用现状分析不同络合体系存在的优势和弊端。在此基础上,展望了络合体系分离稀土未来研究发展方向,为更加绿色高效分离稀土提供借鉴。The production of high-purity single rare earth products is a prerequisite to ensure its application in different fields.Solvent method is the most important method for separating and purifying rare earths,because of its high separation coefficient,large saturation capacity,simple process flow,and continuous production.It is widely used in industrial production.However,the large amount of ammonia-nitrogen wastewater produced in the original process has a huge impact on the environment,which is contrary to the concept of green and lowcarbon production,and there is an urgent need for the development of a new green and efficient extraction sys⁃tem.As a more green and efficient extraction system,the complex system has attracted more and more attention.This article reviews the application of different complexing agents in the separation and purification of rare earths by solvent method,and analyzes the advantages and disadvantages of different complexing systems based on the extraction and separation effect and the status of recycling and utilization.On this basis,the future re⁃search and development direction of the separation of rare earths by complex systems is prospected,which can provide a reference for more green and efficient separation of rare earths.

关 键 词：络合剂 溶剂萃取法 分离纯化 有机羧酸 稀土 

分 类 号：TQ462.91[化学工程—制药化工]