电动汽车新型转子内置式永磁同步电动机转矩脉动与电磁振动抑制研究  

Research on a Novel Interior Permanent Magnet Machine with Segmented Rotor to Mitigate Torque Ripple and Electromagnetic Vibration

作　　者：王道涵[1] 彭晨 王柄东 冯振康 张方旭 WANG Daohan;PENG Chen;WANG Bingdong;FENG Zhenkang;ZHANG Fangxu(School of Electrical Engineering,Shandong University,Jinan 250061,Shandong Province,China)

机构地区：[1]山东大学电气工程学院,山东省济南市250061

出　　处：《中国电机工程学报》2022年第14期5289-5299,共11页Proceedings of the CSEE

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51977125,51737008);山东省杰出青年基金项目(ZR2019JQ20)。

摘　　要：转矩脉动和电磁振动是评价电动汽车(electric vehicles,EVs)电机品质的2项重要因素。该文设计并研发一种新型两段式磁极转子结构,以降低电动汽车内置式永磁(interior permanent magnet,IPM)电机的转矩脉动和电磁振动。该结构的关键特征是转子由相同轴向长度的两段交错组合而成,不改变永磁体的尺寸和用量,每段转子上一个磁极的极弧宽度与其他磁极不同。受益于两段转子的交错安装,不等极弧宽度所引入的不平衡磁拉力被完全抵消。建立该电机的有限元模型和多物理场耦合分析模型,与一台传统磁极分段结构的10kW原型电机进行对比分析,对电机的电磁性能和振动响应进行全面的比较与评估。最后,分别制作新型两段式转子样机和传统磁极分段样机,对反电动势、齿槽转矩、矩角特性、瞬态转矩脉动和效率等进行试验对比。结果表明,所提出的新型两段式转子电机的转矩脉动、电磁振动抑制效果等性能均显著优于现有的磁极分段电机。该结构可推广到其他转子类型的永磁电机,具有重要的工程实用价值。Torque ripple and electromagnetic vibration are two important factors for assessing the quality of driving motors for electric vehicles(EVs).In this paper,a new segmented rotor of interior permanent magnet(IPM) machine for EV was designed and investigated,aiming to mitigate the torque ripple and electromagnetic vibration.The key feature of the presented machine is that the rotor is divided into two segments along the axial direction.The two rotor segments have the same structure and are installed at a mechanical angle of 180 degrees.In each segment,there is a magnetic pole whose pole-arc width is different from that of the others,and the total volume of PMs remains the same.Benefitting from the staggered configuration of the two rotor segments,the unbalanced magnetic pull can be offset.The multi-physics models of the machine were built and the IPM machine with conventional segmented rotor was also modeled for comparative study.The torque ripple,electromagnetic performance,and vibration response were compared.Finally,the machine with the presented rotor and conventional segmented rotor were prototyped,respectively.The extensive experiments including back-EMF,cogging torque,static torque,torque ripple,and efficiency,were compared and evaluated.The results indicate that the presented rotor configuration is superior to the conventional segmented rotor in terms of torque ripple and electromagnetic vibration.The presented rotor configuration can be extended to other types of PM machines,which is of significance in practical engineering.

关 键 词：电动汽车用内置式永磁电机 转矩脉动 电磁振动 分段转子 

分 类 号：U469.72[机械工程—车辆工程] TM341[交通运输工程—载运工具运用工程]