东汉《曹全碑》“敦煌效谷人也”发微--兼论家族研究的视角  

A Thick Description of Cao Quan's Home Information in Cao Quan Tablet from the Eastern Han Dynasty--With a Study on the Possible Perspectives of Family History

作　　者：侯旭东[1] HOU Xudong

机构地区：[1]清华大学人文学院历史系、出土文献研究与保护中心,北京100871

出　　处：《学术月刊》2022年第7期181-195,共15页Academic Monthly

基　　金：国家社科基金重点项目“秦汉三国时期的日常统治与国家治理”(17AZS013)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：借助东汉《曹全碑》提示的碑主籍贯信息,利用两汉敦煌地区出土的汉简,部分重建曹氏生活与发展的效谷县的历史,特别是当地居民与悬泉置、遮要置运行之间的关联,以及带给效谷居民的影响,并探索了当地人仕进方式与儒学发展的途径。基于此,结合世系观念以及文献所见出身敦煌的汉代仕宦家族,指出既有家族史研究上的局限性,认为除了普通庶民家庭,更为常见的是仅仅维持数代,甚至仅出现过一二位官吏的家族。将这些纳入视线有助于从那些看似不成功,却是更多见的“流星家族”角度,思考家族发展的途径以及家族研究的可能性。With the help of the native place information of Cao Quan indicated in the Cao Quan tablet of the Eastern Han Dynasty and the bamboo slips unearthed in Dunhuang area of the Han Dynasties, the history of Xiaogu County, where the Cao family lived and developed, was partially reconstructed, especially the relationship between the local residents and the operation of Xuanquan and Zheyao state-run hostels, as well as the impacts on the Xiaogu people, and the ways of local people’s post promotion and the development of Confucianism were explored. Based on this, combined with the concept of genealogy and the official families of the Han Dynasty who came from Dunhuang as seen in the literature, this paper points out the limitations of the current research concerning family history, and believes that in addition to ordinary common people’s families, it is more common to only maintain several generations, or even only one or two official families. Taking these into account will help us to think about the ways of family development and the possibility of family research from the perspective of those “ meteor families” that seem to be unsuccessful but are more common.

关 键 词：曹全碑 敦煌郡效谷县 悬泉汉简 仕进方式家族研究 

分 类 号：K23[历史地理—历史学]