18—21世纪的西班牙环境史  

Environmental history in Spain from 18th to 21st century

作　　者：安东尼奥·奥尔特加 黄晓波(译) 李星皓(译) Antonio Ortega

机构地区：[1]西班牙格拉纳达大学现代史系 [2]拉丁美洲和加勒比环境史学会(SOLCHA [3]不详

出　　处：《国际社会科学杂志（中文版）》2022年第2期97-102,8,14,15,共9页International Social Science Journal（Chinese Edition）

摘　　要：本文首先讨论西班牙学界如何认识作为一门学科的环境史,以及环境史学科在过去几十年中是如何随着世界环境史研究的推进而发展的。其次,考察18世纪以来西班牙社会与环境关系的重大历史变革。对此,笔者重点关注三个问题:(1)前工业化时期典型的地中海生态系统中森林的演变;(2)20世纪下半叶农业扩张和向工业化农业转变的历史进程;(3)人类群体与自然关系的转变以及农业系统的转型。最后,笔者阐述西班牙社会在气候变化形势下面临的严峻挑战,及其与欧盟农业和环境政策的关系。In the article, I first discuss how the academic community in Spain deal with environmental history as a discipline, and how it has been proceeding with the advance of the environmental history in the world. Second, I examine the important changes in the relations between society and environment in Spain since the beginning of the 18 th century. Three problems are my key concerns: evolution of the forests in the ecological system typical in the pre-industrial Medterranean region;the agricultural expansion and the historical transition to industrialised agriculture in the second half of 20 th century;the shift in the relations between human community and nature, as well as the transformation of agricultural systems. Finally, I elaborate the challenges facing Spanish society in the climate change, and its relations with EU’s agricultural and environmental policies.

关 键 词：工业化时期 工业化农业 环境史学 生态系统 气候变化 人类群体 历史进程 欧盟农业 

分 类 号：X-09[环境科学与工程] K551[历史地理—历史学]