两晋之际匈奴汉国在黄淮地区的活动及失败--以石勒的雄踞江汉及葛陂之役为中心  

The Activities and Failures of the Hun Kingdom(匈奴汉国)in the Huang-Huai Area during the Western and Eastern Jin Dynasties——Centered on Shi Le’s Domination of Jianghan Plain and the Battle of Gebei

作　　者：苏小华[1] SU Xiao-hua(School of History and Culture,Shaanxi Normal University,Xi'an 710119,Shaanxi)

机构地区：[1]陕西师范大学历史文化学院,陕西西安710119

出　　处：《宝鸡文理学院学报（社会科学版）》2022年第4期94-99,共6页Journal of Baoji University of Arts and Sciences：Social Science Edition

基　　金：国家社会科学基金一般项目:南北朝时期区域文化研究(项目编号:18bzs048).

摘　　要：公元310年10月,汉国将领石勒在冀州战败,退入豫州.此时,汉国经略兖豫地区的将领为王弥,石勒被其所迫前往南阳收服雍州流民.南阳战败,石勒退入江汉平原,试图“雄踞江汉”.在江汉,石勒军团遭遇疾病、饥饿和流民的不断骚扰,减员严重,不得不回到许昌继续与王弥合作.追歼司马越余部、降服苟晞军团等战绩,实际上是王弥策划下由石勒来实施的.西晋主力被灭后,王弥策划吞并石勒,不料消息走漏被石勒反杀.黄淮地区的原有军政组织只剩下石勒军团,但其并未因之成为该地区的霸主,反而退守淮南,陷入困境.流民团体在洛阳沦陷后,被荀藩等原西晋高官所整合,成为黄淮地区的主要政治势力.因此,石勒退出了江淮、黄淮地区,回归河北.公元312年6月,汉国的军政势力基本撤出了黄淮地区.In October 310 AD,Shi Le,the general of the Hun Kingdom,was defeated in Jizhou and retreated to Yuzhou.At that time,the general of the Hun Kingdom in the Yanzhou and Yuzhou area was Wang Mi,and Shi Le was forced by him to go to Nanyang to subdue the refugees in Yongzhou.After being defeated in Nanyang,Shi Le retreated into the Jianghan Plain,trying to“dominate Jianghan area”.However,without the logistical support of Hun Kingdom,Shi Le’s legion suffered from illness,hunger,and constant harassment from refugees.The staff was reduced seriously,and Shi Le had to return to Xuchang and continue cooperating with Wang Mi.In the history books,the achievements of chasing and destroying the remaining Sima Yue troops and subduing Gou Xi’s army were actually carried out by Shi Le under the planning of Wang Mi.After the main force of the Western Jin Dynasty was destroyed,Wang Mi planned to annex Shi Le.Unexpectedly,after the news being leaked,Wang Mi was killed by Shi Le.Shi Le’s legion became the only remaining military and political organization in the Huanghuai area,but it did not become the overlord of the area because of it,but instead retreated to Huainan and fell into trouble.After the fall of Luoyang,the refugee group was integrated by Xun Fan and other senior officials of the former Western Jin Dynasty and became the main political force in the Huanghuai area.Therefore,Shi Le withdrew from the Jianghuai and Huanghuai regions and returned to Hebei.In June 312,the military and political forces of the Xiongnu and Hun Kingdom basically withdrew from the Huanghuai area.

关 键 词：匈奴汉国 石勒 王弥 流民 

分 类 号：K237[历史地理—历史学]