下一代大气模式中的数值方法综述  

Numerical methods for the next generation of atmospheric models:a review

作　　者：沈学顺[1,2] 李兴良[1,2] 陈春刚 唐杰[1,2] SHEN Xueshun;LI Xingliang;CHEN Chungang;TANG Jie(CMA Earth System Modeling and Prediction Centre(CEMC),Beijing 100081,China;State Key Laboratory of Severe Weather,Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences,Beijing 100081,China;School of Aerospace Engineering,Xi'an Jiaotong University,Xi'an 710049,China;State Key Laboratory for Strength and Vibration of Mechanical Structures,School of Aerospace Engineering,Xi'an Jiaotong University,Xi'an 710049,China)

机构地区：[1]中国气象局地球系统数值预报中心,北京100081 [2]中国气象科学研究院灾害天气国家重点实验室,北京100081 [3]西安交通大学航天航空学院,陕西西安710049 [4]西安交通大学航天航空学院机械结构强度与振动国家重点实验室,陕西西安710049

出　　处：《海洋气象学报》2022年第3期1-12,共12页Journal of Marine Meteorology

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFC1501904)。

摘　　要：数值预报是逐日天气预报、气候预测和气象防灾减灾的核心科技支撑。为进一步提高预报预测的准确度和延长预见期,甚高分辨率、多圈层耦合、多尺度嵌套、多尺度集合、数值地球系统模拟技术等是下一代数值预报的重要发展方向。异构众核高性能计算机和E级计算的高速发展为这一发展提供了契机,但也对现有业务数值预报中采用的数值方法提出了挑战。此文仅对国内外下一代大气模式涉及到的数值方法进行综述,着重于数值算法、准均匀球面网格和时间积分方案等3个方面,期望为相关研究者提供参考。Numerical prediction is the core scientific and technological support for daily weather forecasting,climate prediction,and meteorological disaster prevention and reduction.In order to further improve the accuracy of prediction and extend the skillful prediction to much longer period,very high resolution,coupled system,multi-scale nesting,multi-scale ensemble,and earth system modeling are important development directions of the next generation of numerical prediction.The rapid development of heterogeneous multi-core high-performance computers and exascale computing provides an opportunity for this development,but it also poses a challenge to the numerical methods used in the existing operational numerical predictions.This paper only summarizes the numerical methods involved in the next generation of atmospheric models which focuses on three aspects:numerical algorithm,quasi-uniform spherical grid and time integration scheme,and aims at providing reference for relevant researchers.

关 键 词：数值预报 多圈层耦合 数值方法 下一代大气模式 

分 类 号：P456.7[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]