生态型土质覆盖层工作原理及其在垃圾填埋场封场治理中的应用  

Working Principle of Ecological Soil Covers and Its Application in Landfill Sealing Treatment

作　　者：詹良通[1,2] 冯嵩[2,3] 李光耀 吴涛 丰田[1,2] ZHAN Liangtong;FENG Song;LI Guangyao;WU Tao;FENG Tian(Institute of Geotechnical Engineering,Zhejiang University,Hangzhou Zhejiang 310058;MOE Key Laboratory of Soft Soils and Geoenvironmental Engineering,Zhejiang University,Hangzhou Zhejiang 310058;College of Civil Engineering,Fuzhou University,Fuzhou Fujian 350100;MOE Key Laboratory of Urban and Engineering Safety and Disaster Reduction,Beijing University of Technology,Beijing 100124;College of Civil Engineering and Architecture,Jiangsu University of Science and Technology,Zhenjiang Jiangsu 212000)

机构地区：[1]浙江大学岩土工程研究所,浙江杭州310058 [2]软弱土与环境土工教育部重点实验室,浙江杭州310058 [3]福州大学土木工程学院,福建福州350100 [4]北京工业大学城市与工程安全减灾教育部重点实验室,北京100124 [5]江苏科技大学土木工程与建筑学院,江苏镇江212000

出　　处：《环境卫生工程》2022年第4期1-20,共20页Environmental Sanitation Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金杰出青年基金(51625805);国家重点研发计划项目(2018YFC1802300)。

摘　　要：生态型土质覆盖层利用细粒土层储水能力和植被蒸腾作用实现雨水防渗,利用含水细粒土层的低透气性和微生物分解作用实现温室气体减排,主要包括单层腾发式覆盖层、毛细阻滞覆盖层与全天候3层覆盖层。首先介绍生态型土质覆盖层防渗、闭气、植生与减碳原理,然后介绍国内外标准对生态型土质覆盖层设计、施工及服役维护方面的规定,最后介绍生态型土质覆盖层在国内外生活垃圾填埋场封场治理工程中的应用。受益于我国雨热植生同期气候特征与生活垃圾填埋结束后产气速率快速衰减特点,生态型土质覆盖层在我国生活垃圾填埋场封场治理及生态修复中具有天生的适用性,建设成本仅为传统含土工膜的复合覆盖层的46%~61%,应用前景广阔。Ecological soil covers prevent deep percolation by using the water storage capacity of fine-grained soil layers combined with the evapotranspiration of vegetation,and reduce greenhouse gas emission by using the low gas permeability and microbial decomposition in the water-bearing,fine-grained soil layers.It mainly includes three different types of monolithic cover,two-layer capillary barrier cover and three-layer capillary barrier cover.The working principles of ecological soil covers on percolation prevention,landfill gas control,vegetation growth and carbon emission reduction were first introduced.Then,the foreign and domestic regulations on the design,construction,and maintenance of ecological soil covers were summarized.Finally,the practical applications of ecological soil covers at MSW landfills were introduced.Benefiting from the rainy season coincides with the vegetation growth period and the rapid attenuation after the completion of landfilling in China,the ecological soil covers have natural applicability in the closure treatment and ecological restoration of MSW landfills in China.The construction cost of ecological soil covers was only 46%~61% of that of the traditional covers containing geomembrane,and the application prospect was broad.

关 键 词：生活垃圾填埋场 封场覆盖 生态型土质覆盖层 防渗 闭气 碳减排 植生 

分 类 号：X705[环境科学与工程—环境工程]