稀土处理的无取向硅钢夹杂物控制研究进展  

Research progress on inclusion control of non-oriented silicon steel with REM treatment

作　　者：杨健 李婷婷[1,2] YANG Jian;LI Ting-ting(School of Materials Science and Engineering Shanghai University,Shanghai 200444,China;State Key Laboratory of Advanced Special Steel,Shanghai University,Shanghai 200444,China)

机构地区：[1]上海大学材料科学与工程学院,上海200444 [2]上海大学省部共建高品质特殊钢冶金与制备国家重点实验室,上海200444

出　　处：《钢铁》2022年第7期1-15,共15页Iron and Steel

基　　金：国家自然科学基金钢铁联合研究基金重点资助项目(U1960202);省部共建高品质特殊钢冶金与制备国家重点实验室、上海市钢铁冶金新技术开发应用重点实验室和上海市科学技术委员会资助项目(19DZ2270200)。

摘　　要：冷轧无取向硅钢磁性能受钢材化学成分、夹杂物分布、再结晶组织等因素的影响,对炼钢工艺技术具有很高的依赖性。长条状或带有棱角的夹杂物通常比球形夹杂物对矫顽力和磁滞损耗的影响更大,而对磁性能影响较大的夹杂物主要为尺寸小于0.5μm的夹杂物。总结分析了稀土处理对无取向硅钢夹杂物的影响,包括粗化夹杂物、减少钢中微细夹杂物数量和对夹杂物的球化作用。稀土元素具有很强的脱氧能力,能够有效净化钢液。添加稀土后,钢中生成的稀土氧化物或稀土氧硫化物通常呈球状或近似球状,并且由于稀土元素具有较高的表面活性,生成的微细夹杂物在钢液中更容易聚合长大,可以达到夹杂物改性和粗化的效果。稀土硫化物和稀土氧硫化物熔点高、固溶难,在再加热过程中能够有效减少硫元素的固溶量,抑制冷却过程中细小MnS的析出。此外,AlN、MnS等容易在稀土夹杂物表面析出,由此进一步减少了细小析出物数量。稀土还有改善成品织构的作用,存在最佳的添加量。同时对国内外无取向硅钢冶炼过程中的稀土添加工艺也进行了分析,当前以钢包加入法为主,通过真空下添加稀土,添加稀土前使用Al、Si等对钢水预先脱氧并喷吹脱硫剂,加入稀土后对钢水进行充分搅拌,可以保证稀土处理效果,但在连铸过程中仍存在因稀土夹杂物导致的水口结瘤问题有待研究解决。The magnetic properties of cold rolled non-oriented silicon steel which are highly dependent on the steelmaking technology,are affected by chemical compositions,distribution of inclusions,recrystallization structure and so on in steel.Long strip or angular inclusions usually have a greater impact on coercivity and hysteresis loss than spherical inclusions.The inclusions which have great influence on the magnetic properties of non-oriented silicon steel are mainly with the size smaller than 0.5μm.The effects of rare earth metal(REM)treatment on inclusions in non-oriented silicon steel are summarized and analyzed,including coarsening inclusions,reducing the number of fine inclusions in steel and spheroidizing inclusions.REM have strong deoxidation ability and can effectively purify molten steel.With the addition of REM,the rare earth oxides or rare earth oxide sulfides generated in non-oriented silicon steel are usually spherical or nearly spherical.Due to the high surface activity of REM,the generated fine inclusions are easier to polymerize and grow up in the molten steel,and finally achieve the modification and coarsening of inclusions.Because the rare earth sulfides and rare earth oxide sulfides have high melting point and are difficult to form solid solution,the solid solution amount of S element can be effectively reduced during reheating process and the precipitation of fine MnS inclusions can be inhibited during cooling process.In addition,AlN and MnS inclusions are easy to precipitate on the surface of rare earth inclusions,further reducing the amount of fine precipitates.REM can improve the texture of products and has the optimal addition amount.At the same time,the technology of rare earth addition during the refining process of non-oriented silicon steel at home and abroad is analyzed.The ladle addition method is mainly used in the refining process of non-oriented silicon steel.The rare earth treatment results are ensured by adding REM under vacuum,pre-deoxidizing the molten steel by adding Al and Si e

关 键 词：稀土处理 夹杂物改性 组织性能 稀土加入技术 无取向硅钢 

分 类 号：TF703[冶金工程—钢铁冶金]