河北省涞源县40岁以上人群肺功能流行病学调查  

Epidemiological survey on pulmonary functions of people over 40 years old in Laiyuan County,Hebei Province

作　　者：乔庆哲 张新[1] 贺向红[1] 席素雅[1] Qiao Qingzhe;Zhang Xin;He Xianghong;Xi Suya(Department of Respiratory Medicine,Hebei Chest Hospital,Shijiazhuang 050000,China)

机构地区：[1]河北省胸科医院呼吸内科,河北石家庄050000

出　　处：《临床荟萃》2022年第7期627-630,共4页Clinical Focus

基　　金：河北省卫健委青年科技课题——贫困农村(涞源县)阻塞性肺疾病流行病学调查及危险因素(20200824)。

摘　　要：目的调查保定涞源县农村地区年龄≥40岁人群的人口基线特征、流行病学特征及肺功能相关参数。方法采用多阶段分层整群随机抽样的方法抽取各中心卫生院片区的年龄≥40岁农村常住居民,采取集中调查和入户调查相结合方式,在统一培训的呼吸科医师面对面的帮助下,完成量表填写及肺功能检查。结果共抽取调查对象700例,有效调查655例,合格率为93.6%。其中男性394例,女性261例,年龄(49.49±6.17)岁;人群总吸烟率43.4%(n=284),吸烟指数≥15(支/天×年数)的人群占总人数的43.4%(n=284);肺功能示用力肺活量(FVC)(3.60±0.86)L,第一秒用力呼气容积(FEV1)(2.80±0.63)L,FEV1/FVC(78.09±6.23)%,最大呼气中段流量(MMEF)75/25%pre(60.69±22.59)%,用力呼气流量(FEF)50%pre(74.98±23.70)%,FEF75%pre(56.27±22.53)%,存在小气道功能障碍123例(18.8%),限制性通气功能障碍56例(8.5%),阻塞性通气功能障碍211例(32.2%)。结论农村地区(涞源县)年龄≥40岁人群小气道功能障碍患病率18.8%,限制性通气功能患病率8.5%,阻塞性通气功能障碍患病率32.2%。未来需对阻塞性气道疾病进一步研究,分析其独立影响因素,进而对相关因素予以防治。Objective To investigate the baseline characteristics,epidemiological characteristics and pulmonary functionrelated parameters of people aged≥40 years in rural areas of Laiyuan County,Baoding.Methods Multi-stage stratified cluster random sampling method was applied to select rural residents aged≥40 years old in public health center,and the combination of centralized survey and household survey was adopted to close the completion of questionnaires and lung function tests.Results A total of 700 respondents were selected for surveying,655 cases with the pass rate of 93.6%were effectively surveyed.Wherein,394 respondents were males,261 respondents were females,and the age was ranged between(49.49±6.17)years old.The population with the total smoking rate of 43.4%(n=284)and smoking index≥15(cigarettes/day×years)accounted for 43.4%of the total population(n=284).The pulmonary function showed forced vital capacity(FVC)of(3.60±0.86)L,forced expiratory volume in the 1st second(FEV1)of(2.80±0.63)L,FEV1/FVC of(78.09±6.23)%,maximal midexpiratory flow(MMEF)75/25%pre of(60.69±22.59)%,forced expiratory flow(FEF)50%pre of(74.98±23.70)%,FEF75%pre of(56.27±22.53)%.123 cases(18.8%)were found to have small airway dysfunction,56 cases(8.5%)were noted to have restrictive ventilation dysfunction,and 211 cases(32.2%)were confirmed to have obstructive ventilation dysfunction.Conclusion The morbidity rate of small airway dysfunction,restrictive ventilation and obstructive ventilation in people aged≥40 years in rural areas(Laiyuan County)was 18.8%,8.5%and 32.2%,respectively.The research on obstructive airway disease becomes necessary in the future to analyze corresponding independent factors,and further to prevent and treat related factors.

关 键 词：呼吸功能试验 流行病学研究 小气道功能障碍 

分 类 号：R443[医药卫生—诊断学]