桑叶提取物对蛋鸡生产性能、肠道免疫功能、肠道组织形态及盲肠菌群结构的影响  

Effects of Mulberry Leaf Extract on Performance,Intestinal Immune Function,Intestinal Tissue Morphology and Cecal Microflora Structure of Laying Hens

作　　者：张波 黄晨轩 陈一凡[1] 白晶雨 王德贺 陈祥宇 常冬梅 张伟伟 马国栋 白宇宇 刘银银 陈辉[1] 籍颖[5] ZHANG Bo;HUANG Chenxuan;CHEN Yifan;BAI Jingyu;WANG Dehe;CHEN Xiangyu;CHANG Dongmei;ZHANG Weiwei;MA Guodong;BAI Yuyu;LIU Yinyin;CHEN Hui;JI Ying(College of Animal Science and Technology,Agricultural University of Hebei,Baoding 071001,China;Regional Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Technology Extension Station,Tong Town,Jia County,Shaanxi Province,Jia County 719208,China;Zhengding County Mulberry Industry Application Research Institute,Zhengding 050800,China;Regional Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Technology Extension Station,Wangjiabian Town,Jia County,Shaanxi Province,Jia County 719208,China;College of Information Science and Technology,Agricultural University of Hebei,Baoding 071001,China)

机构地区：[1]河北农业大学动物科技学院,保定071001 [2]陕西省佳县通镇区域农牧技术推广站,佳县719208 [3]正定县桑产业应用研究所,正定050800 [4]陕西省佳县王家砭镇区域农牧技术推广站,佳县719208 [5]河北农业大学信息科学与技术学院,保定071001

出　　处：《动物营养学报》2022年第8期4977-4987,共11页CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANIMAL NUTRITION

基　　金：国家蛋鸡产业技术体系(CARS-40-K20);农业高质量发展关键共性技术攻关专项(20326609D);河北省人才工程培养资助项目(A201903009);山东省重大创新工程项目(2019JZZY020611)。

摘　　要：本试验旨在研究桑叶提取物对蛋鸡生产性能、肠道免疫功能、肠道组织形态及盲肠菌群结构的影响。选取288只38周龄的罗曼灰蛋鸡,随机分为4个组,每组6个重复,每个重复12只。试验预试期14 d,正试期56 d。预试期内所有鸡饲喂基础饲粮,正试期内对照组饲喂基础饲粮,3个试验组分别在基础饲粮中添加0.4%、0.8%和1.2%的桑叶提取物。结果显示:1)与对照组相比,饲粮中添加0.4%、0.8%或1.2%的桑叶提取物对蛋鸡生产性能均无显著影响(P>0.05)。2)与对照组相比,饲粮中添加0.4%、0.8%或1.2%的桑叶提取物可显著提高回肠黏膜中白细胞介素-4(IL-4)含量(P<0.05)。3)与对照组相比,饲粮中添加0.4%、0.8%或1.2%的桑叶提取物可显著增加十二指肠、空肠、回肠绒毛高度以及回肠绒隐比(P<0.05);饲粮中添加1.2%的桑叶提取物可显著降低空肠隐窝深度(P<0.05);饲粮中添加0.4%或1.2%的桑叶提取物可显著降低回肠隐窝深度(P<0.05)。4)与对照组相比,饲粮中添加0.4%、0.8%或1.2%的桑叶提取物可显著降低盲肠菌群中变形菌门的相对丰度(P<0.05);饲粮中添加0.4%或1.2%的桑叶提取物可显著升高盲肠菌群中粪杆菌属的相对丰度(P<0.05);饲粮中添加1.2%的桑叶提取物还可显著升高盲肠菌群中考拉杆菌属的相对丰度(P<0.05)。综上所述,饲粮中添加桑叶提取物可提高蛋鸡肠道免疫功能,改善肠道组织形态及盲肠菌群结构。本试验条件下,在蛋鸡饲粮中添加0.8%桑叶提取物最为适宜。The purpose of this experiment was conducted to study the effects of mulberry leaf extract on the performance,intestinal immune function,intestinal tissue morphology and cecal microflora structure of laying hens.Two hundred and eighty-eight 38-week-old Roman gray laying hens were randomly divided into 4 groups with 6 replicates per group and 12 hens per replicate.The pre-feeding period lasted for 14 days,and the formal period lasted for 56 days.During the pre-feeding period,all hens were fed a basal diet.During the formal period,hens in the control group were fed the basal diet,while those in the experimental groups were fed the basal diet supplemented with 0.4%,0.8%and 1.2%mulberry leaf extract,respectively.The results showed as follows:1)compared with the control group,diet supplemented with 0.4%,0.8%or 1.2%mulberry leaf extract had no significant effect on the performance of laying hens(P>0.05).2)Compared with the control group,diet supplemented with 0.4%,0.8%or 1.2%mulberry leaf extract had a significant effect on the interleukin(IL-4)content in ileal mucosa(P<0.05).3)Compared with the control group,diet supplemented with0.4%,0.8%or 1.2% mulberry leaf extract significantly increased the villus height of duodenum,jejunum and ileum and the ratio of villi height to crypt depth of ileum(P<0.05);diet supplemented with 1.2%mulberry leaf extract significantly reduced the crypt depth of jejunum(P<0.05);diet supplemented with 0.4% or 1.2% mulberry leaf extracts significantly reduced the crypt depth of ileum(P<0.05).4)Compared with the control group,diet supplemented with 0.4%,0.8% or 1.2% mulberry leaf extract significantly reduced the relative abundance of the Proteobacteria in cecal microflora(P<0.05);diet supplemented with 0.4% or 1.2% mulberry leaf extract significantly increased the relative abundance of Faecalibacterium in cecal microflora(P<0.05);diet supplemented with 1.2%mulberry leaf extract significantly increased the relative abundance of Phascolarctobacterium in cecal microflora(P<0.05).In conclusion,addi

关 键 词：桑叶提取物 蛋鸡 生产性能 免疫功能 肠道组织形态 盲肠菌群结构 

分 类 号：S816[农业科学—饲料科学]