饲粮半胱氨酸水平对越冬期梅花鹿生长性能、氨基酸表观消化率和血清生化指标的影响  

Effects of Dietary Cysteine Level on Growth Performance,Amino Acid Apparent Digestibility and Serum Biochemical Indexes of Sika Deer during Overwintering Period

作　　者：杨乾龙 吴炎 张铁涛[1] 郭肖兰 赵德辉 崔学哲[1] 王凯英[1] YANG Qianlong;WU Yan;ZHANG Tietao;GUO Xiaolan;ZHAO Dehui;CUI Xuezhe;WANG Kaiying(Institute of Special Animal and Plant Sciences,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Changchun 130112,China)

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院特产研究所,长春130112

出　　处：《动物营养学报》2022年第8期5342-5353,共12页CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANIMAL NUTRITION

基　　金：国家重点研发项目“梅花鹿产业关键技术研究及大健康产品开发”(2018YFC1706600);吉林省科技攻关计划(20170204041NY);中国农业科学院科技创新工程项目(CAAS-ASTIP-2021-ISAPS)。

摘　　要：本试验旨在研究饲粮半胱氨酸水平对越冬期梅花鹿生长性能、氨基酸表观消化率和血清生化指标的影响。采用单因素试验设计,将16只5月龄雄性梅花鹿仔鹿随机分为4组,每组4个重复,每个重复1只。对照组(Ⅰ组)饲喂半胱氨酸水平为2.8 g/kg的基础饲粮,试验组分别饲喂半胱氨酸水平为4.8 (Ⅱ组,基础饲粮+2.0 g/kg半胱氨酸)、6.8 (Ⅲ组,基础饲粮+4.0 g/kg半胱氨酸)和10.8 g/kg(Ⅳ组,基础饲粮+8.0 g/kg半胱氨酸)的试验饲粮。预试期15 d,正试期45 d。结果表明:1)各组之间生长性能无显著差异(P>0.05)。2)与Ⅰ组相比,Ⅱ组、Ⅲ组和Ⅳ组半胱氨酸、甘氨酸、赖氨酸、苏氨酸、缬氨酸、异亮氨酸、亮氨酸、苯丙氨酸、天冬氨酸、酪氨酸、组氨酸和丙氨酸表观消化率显著提高(P<0.05),Ⅲ组和Ⅳ组蛋氨酸表观消化率显著提高(P<0.05)。3)与Ⅰ组相比,Ⅲ组血清低密度脂蛋白和胆固醇含量显著降低(P<0.05),Ⅲ组和Ⅳ组血清高密度脂蛋白和白蛋白含量显著降低(P<0.05),Ⅱ组和Ⅲ组血清谷丙转氨酶活性显著降低(P<0.05),Ⅱ组和Ⅲ组血清葡萄糖含量显著提高(P<0.05),Ⅱ组、Ⅲ组和Ⅳ组血清谷草转氨酶活性和总蛋白含量显著降低(P<0.05)。4)与Ⅰ组相比,Ⅱ组血清过氧化氢酶和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶活性显著提高(P<0.05),Ⅱ组和Ⅲ组血清丙二醛含量显著降低(P<0.05),Ⅱ组和Ⅲ组血清总超氧化物歧化酶活性显著提高(P<0.05)。5)与Ⅰ组相比,Ⅱ组、Ⅲ组和Ⅳ组血清半胱氨酸含量显著降低(P<0.05)。综上所述,本试验条件下,饲粮半胱氨酸水平对越冬期梅花鹿生长性能影响不显著。饲粮半胱氨酸水平4.8 g/kg时,可提高氨基酸表观消化率,降低血清氨基酸含量,提高机体抗氧化能力。This experiment was conducted to study the effects of dietary cysteine level on growth performance,amino acid apparent digestibility and serum biochemical indexes of sika deer during overwintering period.A single factor experimental design was adopted,sixteen 5-month-old male sika deer calves were randomly divided into 4 groups with 4 replicates per group and 1 deer per replicate.The control group(groupⅠ)was fed a basal diet with cysteine level of 2.8 g/kg,and the experimental groups were fed experimental diets with cysteine levels of 4.8(groupⅡ,basic diet+2.0 g/kg cysteine),6.8(groupⅢ,basic diet+4.0 g/kg cysteine)and 10.8 g/kg(groupⅣ,basic diet+8.0 g/kg cysteine),respectively.The pre-experimental period lasted for15 days,and the experimental period lasted for 45 days.The results showed as follows:1)there was no significant difference in growth performance among all groups(P>0.05).2)Compared with groupⅠ,the apparent digestibility of cysteine,glycine,lysine,threonine,valine,isoleucine,leucine,phenylalanine,aspartic acid,tyrosine,histidine and alanine of groupⅡ,groupⅢand groupⅣwas significantly increased(P<0.05),and the apparent digestibility of methionine in groupⅢand groupⅣwas significantly increased(P<0.05).3)Compared with groupⅠ,the contents of low density lipoprotein and cholesterol in serum of groupⅢwere significantly decreased(P<0.05),the contents of high density lipoprotein and albumin in serum of groupⅢand groupⅣwere significantly decreased(P<0.05),the serum alanine aminotransferase activity of groupⅡand groupⅢwas significantly decreased(P<0.05),the serum glucose content of groupⅡand groupⅢwas significantly increased(P<0.05),and the aspartate aminotransferase activity and total protein content in serum of groupⅡ,groupⅢand groupⅣwere significantly decreased(P<0.05).4)Compared with groupⅠ,the activities of catalase and glutathione peroxidase in serum of groupⅡwere significantly increased(P<0.05),the serum malondialdehyde content of groupⅡand groupⅢwas signifi

关 键 词：梅花鹿 半胱氨酸 生长性能 氨基酸表观消化率 血清生化指标 

分 类 号：S825[农业科学—畜牧学]