激光增材制造合金材料残余应力及应力腐蚀研究现状  

Residual Stress and Stress Corrosion of Alloy Materials in Laser Additive Manufacturing

作　　者：张兴寿 王勤英 郑淮北 刘庭耀 董立谨 西宇辰 张进[1] 白树林[3] Zhang Xingshou;Wang Qinying;Zheng Huaibei;Liu Tingyao;Dong Lijin;Xi Yuchen;Zhang Jin;Bai Shulin(School of New Energy and Materials,Southwest Petroleum University,Chengdu 610500,Sichuan,China;State Key Laboratory of Metal Material for Marine Equipment and Application,Anshan 114009,Liaoning,China;College of Engineering,Peking University,Beijing 100871,China;Chengdu Advanced Metal Materials Industry Technology Research Institute Corporation,Chengdu 610303,Sichuan,China)

机构地区：[1]西南石油大学新能源与材料学院,四川成都610500 [2]海洋装备用金属材料及其应用国家重点实验室,辽宁鞍山114009 [3]北京大学工学院,北京100871 [4]成都先进金属材料产业技术研究院有限公司,四川成都610303

出　　处：《激光与光电子学进展》2022年第13期12-21,共10页Laser & Optoelectronics Progress

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(52174007,51801167)。

摘　　要：激光增材制造技术广泛应用于石油化工、航空航天及海洋装备的制造及修复领域。然而,激光增材制造合金材料制备内部由于急热急冷造成的残余应力在苛刻腐蚀环境中服役时,易引起材料的重大应力腐蚀开裂风险。本文首先综述了激光增材制造合金材料中残余应力的产生机理。其次,总结了材料中残余应力的主要测定方法和消除方法。此外,概述了激光增材制造合金材料应力腐蚀开裂的试验方法以及主要机理。最后,基于激光增材制造合金材料残余应力和应力腐蚀开裂的研究现状,总结了该领域目前尚待解决的关键问题及未来的主要发展趋势。Laser additive manufacturing is widely used in the manufacturing and repairing of petrochemical,aerospace,and marine equipment.However,the residual stress caused by the rapid heating and cooling in the preparation of alloy materials via laser additive manufacturing likely poses a major risk of stress corrosion cracking of the material in harsh environments.This study first reviews the mechanism of residual stress in alloy materials produced via laser additive manufacturing.Second,the main measurement and elimination methods of residual stress in materials are summarized.In addition,the test methods and the mechanism of stress corrosion cracking in alloy materials caused by laser additive manufacturing are summarized.Finally,based on the research status of residual stress and stress corrosion cracking of alloy materials in laser additive manufacturing,the key problems that need to be solved in this field and future development trends are summarized.

关 键 词：激光技术 激光增材制造 残余应力 应力测定 应力腐蚀开裂 腐蚀机理 

分 类 号：V261.8[航空宇航科学与技术—航空宇航制造工程]