吐纳麝香与Cd污染对土壤微生物数量及酶活性的影响  

Joint effects of tonalide and cadmium on quantity of soil microorganisms and enzyme activities

作　　者：李兴国 律泽[1] 张驰[1] 王刚 LI Xingguo;Lü Ze;ZHANG Chi;WANG Gang(School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering,Shenyang Jianzhu University,Shenyang 110168,China;Liaoning Yipai Environmental Protection Vocational Training School,Shenyang 110033,China)

机构地区：[1]沈阳建筑大学市政与环境工程学院,沈阳110168 [2]辽宁省易派环保职业培训学校,沈阳110033

出　　处：《农业环境科学学报》2022年第8期1720-1729,共10页Journal of Agro-Environment Science

基　　金：辽宁省教育厅基础研究项目(lnjc201910)。

摘　　要：吐纳麝香(AHTN)为药品与个人护理品(PPCPs)类新型污染物之一,其能够与重金属镉(Cd)通过污水灌溉和污泥利用进入到土壤环境。本研究采用平板菌落计数、荧光qPCR、土壤酶活性测定以及联合效应分析,探究AHTN和Cd污染对土壤中微生物数量和酶活性的影响。结果表明:AHTN与Cd单一、复合污染对土壤中细菌均表现为显著抑制作用;随着AHTN浓度增加,对土壤真菌由促进作用转变抑制作用,对土壤中放线菌表现为显著抑制作用,可将放线菌作为AHTN污染的早期预警指标。AHTN单一及与Cd复合污染对土壤脲酶活性均表现为显著抑制作用(第1天除外);随着AHTN浓度增加,对酸性磷酸酶活性从促进作用转变为抑制作用;在第1天对蔗糖酶表现为促进作用,之后均转为抑制作用。AHTN与Cd复合污染联合毒性效应,对土壤细菌和放线菌数量表现为拮抗作用;对真菌数量随着AHTN浓度升高表现为拮抗-协同-拮抗现象;随着暴露时间延长,对土壤脲酶活性由拮抗转为协同作用,对酸性磷酸酶活性和蔗糖酶由协同转为拮抗作用。Tonalide(AHTN)is a new pollutant of pharmaceuticals and personal care products.Along with the heavy metal cadmium(Cd),AHTN enters the soil through sewage irrigation and sludge utilization.The present study analyzed the effects of AHTN and Cd pollution on the number of microorganisms and enzyme activities in soil by using plate colony counting,fluorescence qPCR,soil enzyme activity determination and combined effect analysis.It showed that individual and combined pollution of AHTN and Cd significantly inhibited soil bacteria.In addition,the effect on soil fungi changed from promotion to inhibitory with the increase of AHTN concentration.Soil actinomycetes were significantly inhibited.These findings indicated the potential of actinomycetes as early warning indicators of AHTN pollution.AHTN alone and combined with Cd exhibited significant inhibition of soil urease activity(except for the first day).Acid phosphatase activity was significantly inhibited by increasing AHTN concentrations.Sucrase activity was promoted on day 1 but inhibited thereafter.The combined toxic effects of AHTN and Cd pollution antagonized the viability of soil bacteria and actinomycetes,which was antagonized-synergistic-antagonistic for fungi with increasing AHTN concentration.With prolonged exposure,the joint toxicity effect of AHTN and Cd on urease activity changed from antagonistic to synergistic.For acid phosphatase and sucrase,the activity changed from synergistic to antagonistic.

关 键 词：吐纳麝香(AHTN) 镉(CD) 复合污染 微生物数量 土壤酶活性 

分 类 号：X53[环境科学与工程—环境工程] X172