航空发动机下一代适航规章制定策略和技术路径  

Formulating Strategy and Technology Path for Next-Generation Airworthiness Regulations of Aero-Engines

作　　者：尹泽勇 丁水汀 李果[3] 邱天[3] 刘传凯[3] 周煜[3] 綦蕾[3] Yin Zeyong;Ding Shuiting;Li Guo;Qiu Tian;Liu Chuankai;Zhou Yu;Qi Lei(Aero Engine Corporation of China,Beijing 100097,China;Civil Aviation University of China,Tianjin 300300,China;Research Institute of Aero-Engine,Beihang University,Beijing 100191,China)

机构地区：[1]中国航空发动机集团有限公司,北京100097 [2]中国民航大学,天津300300 [3]北京航空航天大学航空发动机研究院,北京100191

出　　处：《中国工程科学》2022年第4期230-239,共10页Strategic Study of CAE

基　　金：中国工程院咨询项目“航空发动机自主适航规章的制定策略和技术路径研究”(2019-XY-73);“中国航空发动机自主适航规章的顶层架构和瓶颈技术簇特征研究”(2020-XZ-01)。

摘　　要：适航规章是民用航空产品安全性的核心保障,是民航强国、航空强国的重要标志。完善的适航规章体系是民用航空工业发达国家合理利用国际民航组织规则,保障民用航空产品安全性和最广泛市场占有率的技术与管理手段;随着我国大型飞机、航空发动机和燃气轮机重大科技专项的实施,进一步完善我国适航规章体系建设必要且紧迫。本文深入剖析了航空发动机适航规章的技术内涵,系统梳理了当前国内外航空发动机适航规章存在的突出问题,在此基础上从国际民航组织和我国民用航空工业两个视角,开展了航空发动机下一代适航规章的制定策略和技术路径研究。本文研究结果明确了以“系统安全要求”为统领,以“安全等效、逻辑清晰、国际兼容、本土适用”为原则的航空发动机下一代适航规章制定策略和技术路径;提出了航空发动机适航规章顶层新架构,该架构在充分继承国际上已有经验教训、安全标准不降低的同时,更加适应航空发动机在系统安全性技术方面的进步,且可灵活适应航空发动机新技术发展和创新。最后,针对我国航空发动机适航规章体系建设,提出了持续深化研究、同步扩大应用、行业协同发展的对策建议。Airworthiness regulations are key for guaranteeing the safety of civil aviation products and a significant indication of a nation’s aviation power.A well-developed airworthiness regulation system is an effective technical and management means by which a country with an advanced aviation industry ensures the safety of its civil aviation products and occupies the broadest market share while using International Civil Aviation Organization(ICAO)rules.As major national science and technology projects for large aircraft,aero-engines,and gas turbines are implemented,it is imperative for China to further improve its airworthiness regulation system.In this study,we clarify the implications of aero-engine airworthiness regulations and summarize the problems regarding aero-engine airworthiness regulations both in China and abroad.Based on this,the formation strategy and technical path for the next-generation airworthiness regulations of aero-engines are explored from the perspectives of ICAO and China’s civil aviation industry.The formulation strategy emphasizes the requirement for system safety,and specific principles include an equivalent level of safety,clear logic,international compatibility,and local applicability.Moreover,a new top-level framework for the aero-engine airworthiness regulations is proposed;it inherits the international lessons learned,ensures a high safety standard,and adapts to the progress of system safety technologies of aero-engines.Furthermore,we suggest that China should continuously deepen the research,simultaneously expand application,and coordinate industry development,thus to promote the construction of the aero-engine airworthiness regulation system in China.

关 键 词：下一代适航规章 航空发动机 新规章架构 系统安全要求 

分 类 号：V23[航空宇航科学与技术—航空宇航推进理论与工程]