糯米山药炭疽病病原菌的分离·鉴定与生物防治  

Isolation,Identification and Biocontrol of the Anthracnose in Glutinous Yam

作　　者：张呈念 黄哲鸿 王科晶 华树妹 涂金文 张杨文 陈仕朋 ZHANG Cheng-nian;HUANG Zhe-hong;WANG Ke-jing(Wencheng Modern Agriculture and Health Industry Research Insti-tute,Wenzhou,Zhejiang 325000;Sanming Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Sanming,Fujian 365050;Moon(Guangzhou)Biotech Co.,Ltd.,Guangzhou,Guangdong 510700)

机构地区：[1]文成县现代农业与康养产业研究院,浙江温州325000 [2]三明市农业科学研究院,福建三明365050 [3]慕恩(广州)生物科技有限公司,广东广州510700

出　　处：《安徽农业科学》2022年第16期94-100,共7页Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：文成县创新创业种子资金项目(2019NKY04);福建省科技项目(2019N0045);浙江省重点研发计划项目(2020C02046);温州市重大科技创新攻关项目(ZN2019001)。

摘　　要：从糯米山药病叶分离病原菌,通过形态学和rDNA-ITS序列对病原菌进行鉴定,结合柯赫氏法则验证其致病性,并研究2株哈茨木霉菌对病原菌的生物防治效果。结果表明,3株分离菌株WC01、WC02和WC03的形态特征及ITS序列与炭疽病菌属(Colletotrichum spp.)相符,且3株菌株对糯米山药均有致病性。3株菌株在pH 4~11条件下均能生长,其中最适pH为5~9;菌丝最适生长温度皆为30℃,超过30℃即不再生长。平板对峙试验结果表明哈茨木霉菌株Th7和Th19对于3株病原菌都有明显的抑制效果,同时通过施用哈茨木霉Th7能有效降低糯米山药炭疽病病情指数,总体田间病害防治效果为49.72%。该研究为糯米山药的炭疽病防控提供了一套绿色防治方案与理论依据。In this study,the pathogens were isolated from the diseased leaves of glutinous yam.The isolated pathogens were identified by mor-phological and rDNA-ITS analysis,and their pathogenicity was verified by Koch’s rule.The control effects of two Trichoderma harzianum strains on the isolated pathogens were assayed.The morphological observation and rDNA-ITS sequence of the three pathogens were consistent with those of the genus Colletotrichum spp,and the pathogenicity assay showed that three isolated strains were pathogenic to the leaves of glutinous yam.All strains could grow under the condition from pH 4 to 11,and the optimum growth region was from pH 5 to 9.The optimum growth temperature of the three strains was 30℃,whereas none of them could grow above 30℃.Antagonistic analysis of T.harzianum showed that both T.harzianum Th7 and Th19 had inhibitory function against three Colletotrichum spp.The inhibition efficiency of Th7 was 100%.Application of Th7 could ef-fectively reduce the disease index of yam anthracnose in the field,and the control effect of Th7 reached up to 49.72%.Collectively,this study confers an eco-friendly strategy to control the Colletotrichum-induced anthracnose of glutinous yam.

关 键 词：山药 炭疽病 菌株生长特性 木霉 生物防治 

分 类 号：S432.4[农业科学—植物病理学]