大黄药材HPLC指纹图谱及其真伪鉴别研究  

Study on HPLC Fingerprint of Chinese Rhubarb and Its Authenticity Identification

作　　者：章平平 甘莉 吴少杰 唐传球 ZHANG Ping-ping;GAN Li;WU Shao-jie(School of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering,Hanjiang Normal University,Shiyan,Hubei 442000)

机构地区：[1]汉江师范学院化学与环境工程学院,湖北十堰442000

出　　处：《安徽农业科学》2022年第16期119-122,166,共5页Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：汉江师范学院2021年国家级大学生创新训练计划项目(202110518005);湖北省教育厅科学技术研究计划指导性项目(B2019189)。

摘　　要：为了快速有效地辨别大黄,减少大黄的误用,收集了10份来源不同的大黄饮片,从外观形态、显微结构等方面进行研究,同时采用TLC对其进行真伪优劣定性鉴别,并参考《中国药典》2020版一部对大黄的芦荟大黄素、大黄素、大黄酸、大黄酚、大黄素甲醚5个化合物建立了RP-HPLC含量测定。结果表明,10个大黄样品在表面颜色、有无星点及气味强弱等方面均具有一定差异,通过性状鉴别能初略区分真假大黄,但在草酸钙簇晶、导管、淀粉粒、结晶等显微鉴别方面无明显的外观上区别,采用显微鉴别对大黄药材真伪辨别有一定的难度。通过TLC色谱鉴别可以快速有效地分辨出大黄药材的真伪,掌叶大黄和药用大黄均未检出土大黄苷,而华北大黄检出土大黄苷,为伪品。10个大黄样品中游离蒽醌总量均符合2020版《中国药典》限量要求,大黄素甲醚和大黄素含量均较高,其中华北大黄药材中大黄酸含量极少,不到掌叶大黄与药用大黄的含量的1/10。药用大黄和掌叶大黄的指纹图谱相似,与华北大黄具有明显的差异。In order to quickly and effectively identify rhubarb and reduce the misuse of rhubarb,10 pieces of rhubarb from different sources were collected and studied from the aspects of appearance,microstructure,etc.TLC was used to qualitatively identify the authenticity and ad-vantages of rhubarb.With reference to the first volume of Chinese Pharmacopoeia 2020,RP-HPLC was established to determine the content of Aloe emodin,rheum emodin,chrysophanic acid,chrysophanol and emodin ether in rhubarb.The results showed that the 10 rhubarb samples had certain differences in the surface color,whether there were stars and the strength of odor.The true and false rhubarb could be preliminarily distinguished by the character identification,but there was no obvious appearance difference in the microscopic identification of calcium oxalate clusters,ducts,starch granules and crystals.It was difficult to distinguish the authenticity of rhubarb by microscopic identification.The authen-ticity of rhubarb could be quickly and effectively identified by TLC chromatography.Rhubarb glycoside was not detected in both palmar leaf rhubarb and medicinal rhubarb,while rhubarb glycoside was found in rheum franzenbachii inspection,which was a fake.The total amount of free anthraquinone in the 10 rhubarb samples met the limit requirements of the Chinese Pharmacopoeia 2020.The contents of emodin methyl e-ther and emodin were relatively high.The content of rhein in rhubarb from rheum franzenbachii was very little,less than 1/10 of that in Rheum palmatum L.and rheum officinale baill.The fingerprints of Rheum palmatum L.and rheum officinale baill are similar,and there are obvious differences between them.

关 键 词：大黄 RP-HPLC 芦荟大黄素 大黄素 大黄酸 大黄酚 大黄素甲醚 

分 类 号：R282.5[医药卫生—中药学]