论政府信息公开中依申请公开的对象范围  

On Objects and Scope of Disclosure by Application in Governments'Information Disclosure

作　　者：王锴[1] 周锐恒 WANG Kai;ZHOU Rui-heng

机构地区：[1]北京航空航天大学法学院,北京100191

出　　处：《中南民族大学学报（人文社会科学版）》2022年第8期114-121,186,共9页Journal of South-Central Minzu University (Humanities and Social Sciences)

基　　金：司法部国家法治与法学理论研究项目“反歧视立法的宪法问题研究”(19SFB2010)。

摘　　要：依申请公开与主动公开并非相互排斥的关系,两者无论在信息的范围上还是公开的范围上都是相同的,那种将依申请公开理解为信息仅与申请人有关、仅向申请人公开的观点混淆了政府信息公开与卷宗阅览权。任何公民都可以基于知情权申请政府信息公开,防止申请权滥用的方法不是限制申请人的资格或者限制申请人在行政诉讼中的原告资格,而是完善依申请公开的程序并在行政诉讼中对权利保护必要性的进行审查。个人信息不属于依申请公开的范畴。对于依申请公开的政府信息中涉及个人信息的问题,妥当的解决方案是区分,即作隐名或匿名处理。权利人同意是公开个人信息的法定条件。除此之外,不公开是否会损害公共利益也应是考虑的因素。个人信息被错误公开的,权利人可提起反公开诉讼。Disclosure by application and active disclosure are not mutually exclusive,both are the same in terms of the scope of information and the scope of disclosure.The understanding that the disclosure by application means that information is only related to the applicant and only disclosed to the applicant make confussion between the disclosure of government information with the right to read files.Any citizen can apply to the government for information disclosure based on the right to know.The way to prevent the abuse of the right to apply is not to limit the applicant's qualifications or the applicant's qualifications as a plaintiff in government information litigation,but to improve the procedures for disclosure by application and increase information disclosure litigation.If personal information is involved in government information,the right holder has the right to view it.This is self-evident,but this does not belong to the scope of disclosure by application.The real issue that needs to be discussed is whether the personal information of others involved in the application for disclosure should be disclosed to the public.At this time,the consent of the right holder is naturally one of the conditions for disclosure.In addition,whether non-disclosure will harm the public interest and whether differentiated processing of personal information is also an issue to be considered.

关 键 词：依申请公开 卷宗阅览权 申请人资格 原告资格 个人信息保护 

分 类 号：D922.1[政治法律—宪法学与行政法学]