我国语言扶贫事业的成效、经验与深化  

The Effect,Experience and Deepening of Language Poverty Alleviation in China

作　　者：李蔚 Li Wei

机构地区：[1]武汉大学文学院,湖北武汉430072

出　　处：《中南民族大学学报（人文社会科学版）》2022年第8期172-180,188,共10页Journal of South-Central Minzu University (Humanities and Social Sciences)

基　　金：教育部哲学社会科学研究重大课题攻关项目“新时代国家语言文字事业的新使命与发展方略研究”(18JZD015);国家语委重大科研项目“中国语言学话语体系建设与传播研究”(ZDA145-Z);国家语委重大项目“中国语言扶贫的经验成效及相关理论问题研究”(ZDA135-10)。

摘　　要：语言扶贫是我国贫困治理的基础性、全局性举措,为国家扶贫-脱贫方略的实施提供切实的语言方面保障,在脱贫攻坚中发挥了不可替代的作用。尤其是《推普脱贫攻坚行动计划》实施以来,推普脱贫取得了显著成绩,具体表现为:贫困地区普通话普及率大幅提升;教育质量和发展能力得到增强;人才聚集效应初见成效;经济发展活力增强。这些成效进一步彰显了语言扶贫的正确性,并形成了宝贵经验:语言扶贫政策是语言扶贫制度的根本指引;语言教育是主要途径;全面提升素质和能力是根本目的;全面推普是主要任务;“志”“智”双扶与促进自我发展是根本导向。未来语言扶贫应立足于现实,着眼于长远发展,把现有成果应用于贫困治理新阶段,有针对性地调整语言扶贫方向,重点加强西部、边境地区少数民族群众通用语言培训,思考不同区域语言扶贫的针对性帮扶措施,为全面推进乡村振兴战略实施赋能提质。Language poverty alleviation is a basic and overall measure of poverty governance in China.It provides a practical language guarantee for the implementation of the national poverty alleviation strategy,and plays a significant role in poverty alleviation.Especially,since the implementation of the“Action Plan for Poverty Alleviation with Popularization of Putonghua”,the promotion of poverty alleviation has made remarkable achievements,which are manifested as the following:the popularity rate of Putonghua in poverty-stricken areas has increased significantly;the quality and ability for education has been enhanced;the talents gathering effect has been achieved;the vitality of economic development has been enhanced.These achievements further demonstrate the correctness of language poverty alleviation,and form valuable experience:language poverty alleviation policy is the fundamental guideline of language poverty alleviation system;language education is the main method;comprehensive development of quality ability is the fundamental goal;comprehensive promotion and improvement of language ability is the main task and content;double support in“ambition and intelligence”and self-development are the fundamental orientations.In the future,the language poverty alleviation should be based on reality.It is necessary to focus on long-term development,apply existing achievements to the new stage of poverty governance,adjust the direction of language poverty alleviation in a targeted manner,focus on strengthening the common language training for ethnic minorities in western and border areas,and consider different regional languages.Targeted assistance measures for poverty alleviation would empower the comprehensive promotion of rural revitalization and construction.

关 键 词：贫困地区 语言扶贫 扶贫政策 成效 经验 

分 类 号：F126[经济管理—世界经济]