不同天气背景下江西省气温日变化特征  

Diurnal variation characteristics of temperature in Jiangxi under different weather backgrounds

作　　者：刘春 肖雯 曾喻 李海俊 Liu Chun;Xiao Wen;Zeng Yu;Li Haijun(Jiangxi Meteorological Observatory,Nanchang 330096,China;Jiangxi Meteorological Service Center,Nanchang 330096,China;Pingxiang Meteorological Bureau,Pingxiang 337000,China)

机构地区：[1]江西省气象台,江西南昌330096 [2]江西省气象服务中心,江西南昌330096 [3]萍乡市气象局,江西萍乡337000

出　　处：《气象与减灾研究》2022年第2期114-124,共11页Meteorology and Disaster Reduction Research

基　　金：2020年江西省科研项目“江西温度小时变化特征及其影响要素研究”;2020年江西省气象局重点科研项目“主客观预报产品融合技术研究”。

摘　　要：利用2012—2020年CLDAS格点小时温度数据,通过插值、合成分析等技术,分析江西省不同天气背景下气温的日变化特征。结果表明:1)江西省气温日变化曲线呈单峰形,整体上表现为06—15时为气温上升阶段,其中08—12时为快速上升阶段;16—05时为气温下降阶段,其中17—20时为快速下降阶段。2)不同地形和季节日最高(最低)气温出现时间略有差异,平均而言高山地区最高气温出现于14时,较平原、丘陵早1 h;冬季最低气温出现在07时,较其他季节迟1 h。3)不同地形大部分时段气温表现为丘陵>平原>高山,丘陵地区气温高于平原在12—17时最明显,温差为1—2℃,高山地区较两者低4—5℃。4)不同天气背景下,气温日变化曲线仍呈单峰形,日最高气温大概率出现在14—16时,日最低气温在23时—次日06时各时次出现概率大致相同。气温日较差在有雨条件下最小,为2—3℃;晴天不同云量条件下,气温日较差最大,为6—8℃,阴天最小,为3—5℃;气温日较差在强降温天气大于强回暖天气。Based on the grid hourly temperature data of CLDAS from 2012 to 2020,the diurnal variations of temperature in Jiangxi under different weather backgrounds were analyzed by the method of interpolation and synthetic analysis.The results showed that:1)The diurnal variation curve of air temperature in Jiangxi province showed a single peak change.Generally,the temperature raised from 06:00 BT to 15:00 BT,and 08:00 BT to 12:00 BT was the rapidly rising period.The temperature declined from 16:00 BT to 05:00 BT,and 17:00 BT to 20:00 BT was the rapidly declining period.2)The occurrence time of daily maximum and minimum temperature varied slightly in different terrain and seasons.The maximum temperature in alpine mountains occurred at 14:00 on average which was 1 hour earlier than that in plains and hills.The minimum temperature in winter occurred at 07:00 which was 1 hour later than that in other seasons.3)The temperature in most periods of different terrain was hill>plain>high mountain.The temperature difference was most obvious from 12:00 BT to 17:00 BT,with the value of 1-2℃.The temperature in alpine areas was 4-5℃lower than the other two areas.4)The daily variation curve of temperature still showed single peak characteristics under different weather backgrounds.The daily maximum temperature mostly occurred from 14:00 BT to 16:00 BT.The probability of daily minimum temperature was equal at any time from 23:00 BT to 06:00 BT.The amplitude of daily temperature was the smallest under rainy conditions with about 2-3℃.The amplitude of daily temperature was the largest in sunny days with about 6-8℃and the smallest in overcast days with about 3-5℃under different cloud conditions.The amplitude of daily temperature in strong cooling weather process was larger than that in strong warming weather process.

关 键 词：气温 日变化 天气背景 地貌 概率 

分 类 号：P468.02[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]