航空运输公共卫生风险特征及管控对策  

Characteristics of public health risks in air transport and countermeasures

作　　者：刘志宏 周毓瑾[2] 钟思涵 Liu Zhihong;Zhou Yujin;Zhong Sihan(China Eastern Airlines Corporation Limited Beijing Branch,Beijing 100621,China;Civil Aviation Medicine Center,CAAC,Beijing 100123,China;China Southern Airlines Corporation Limited Beijing Branch,Beijing 101318,China)

机构地区：[1]中国东方航空股份有限公司北京分公司,101300 [2]中国民用航空局航空医学中心,北京100123 [3]中国南方航空股份有限公司北京分公司,101318

出　　处：《中华航空航天医学杂志》2019年第3期227-232,共6页Chinese Journal of Aerospace Medicine

基　　金：民航局科技项目(MHRDZ201204)。

摘　　要：目的综述航空运输公共卫生风险特征、风险管理与控制策略及技术进展,为航空公司和机场科学有效地预防控制航空运输公共卫生风险,保障公共健康与卫生安全提供参考。资料来源与选择世界卫生组织、国际民航组织、国际航空运输协会、美国疾病控制中心及欧洲疾病控制中心的卫生法规、技术指南和手册,以及国内外有关该领域研究论文和报告。资料引用引用文献共48篇,包括世界卫生组织法规7篇、技术指南13篇、论文等28篇。资料综合航空运输潜在的公共卫生风险包括食源性疾病传播、水源性疾病传播、客舱内传播、病媒生物疾病传播及恐怖活动的威胁。目前,国际上对有关航空运输公共卫生风险管控理念和控制对策达成的专家共识包括建立完善的法律法规、机场与航空器应急预案、加强航空公司和机场的防控核心能力建设、公共卫生信息收集分析与风险评估、公共卫生风险信息交流及机场与航空器卫生。结论航空运输存在潜在的公共卫生风险性,国际上有关风险控制的新理念和技术对策是全球防范航空公共卫生风险的最全面、最具科学性的技术指引,更是航空运输公共卫生事件管理的最佳应对方案。Objective To reviews the characteristics and management of public health risk in air transport and to provide references for the scientific and effective prevention and control of airlines and airports from the public flight risks of air transport,and pretection of public health and health safety.Literature resource and selection World Health Organization(WHO),International Civil Aviation Organization(ICAO),International Air Transport Association(IATA),US and European health regulations,technical guidelines and manuals,as well as domestic and international research papers in this field.Literature quotation A total of 48 references were cited,including 7 regulations and 13 technical guidelines of WHO,ICAO,IATA.and 28 research papers,reports and other papers.Literature synthesis Potential public health risks associated with air transport include the spread of food-borne diseases,water-borne diseases,infected in cabin,vector-borne diseases and the threat of terrorist.International experts have reached consensus on the management strategy of public health risk in air transport,including establisling the legal of international public health response,public health preparedness at airports and aircraft,strengthening the core capacity for routine and emergency response,public health risk communications,airport sanitation and aircraft sanitation.Conclusions Air transport exists potential public health risks.Above management and control measures of public health risk in air transport are the most comprehensive scientific technical guidance for the global prevention and control of aviation public health risks and the best plan for the public health events at air transport.

关 键 词：航空 运输 公共卫生 传染病控制 疾病传播 

分 类 号：R851.5[医药卫生—航空、航天与航海医学] R851.4[医药卫生—临床医学]