“率”在敦煌汉简中的分指代词用法新探  

A New Probe into the Use of Discriminative Pronouns of “Lv(率)”in Han Bamboo Slips of Dunhuang

作　　者：郑雯 刘向培 Zheng Wen;Liu Xiangpei(Senior High School Department,Qingdao Academy,Qingdao 266000;School of Humanities and Social Science,Qingdao 266109,China)

机构地区：[1]青岛中学高中部,山东青岛266000 [2]青岛农业大学人文社会科学学院,山东青岛266109

出　　处：《现代语文》2022年第8期17-21,共5页Modern Chinese

基　　金：青岛市教育科学“十三五”规划2020年度课题“‘强基计划’背景下文字学融入高中语文教学的实践研究”(QJK135D1261)。

摘　　要：敦煌地区出土的汉简内容丰富,除《急就篇》等传世文献外,绝大部分为行政、法律文书。其中,第837号简文中“率”的含义值得重新探讨。此简可以证明,“率”在汉代已具有分指代词的用法,表示共时层面数量上的逐一份、每一份;在少数情况下,也可以表示时间上的逐一。而同一时期的“每”作为分指代词,只用于表示时间上的逐一。与传世文献相比,西北地区出土文献中“率”的使用频率更高,“每”的使用则较少。由于“率”在当时承担了“领”“计”“都”“标准”等很多义项,随着时间的推移,“率”作为分指代词的用法逐渐消失,“每”则分担了其分指代词的功能。The Han bamboo slips unearthed in the Dunhuang area are rich in content.Except for the handed down documents such as Jijiupian(《急就篇》),most of them are administrative and legal documents.Among them,the meaning of“lv(率)”in the simplified text No.837 deserves to be re-examined.This brief can prove that“lv(率)”had the use of participle pronouns in the Han Dynasty,indicating that the synchronic level is quantitatively one by one,each one;in a few cases,it can also mean one by one in time.The“mei(每)”in the same period is used as a participle pronoun,which is only used to express one by one in time.Compared with the handed down documents,the use frequency of“lv(率)”in the documents unearthed in the northwest region is higher,and the use of“mei(每)”is less.Since“lv(率)”assumed the polysemous terms such as“ling(领)”“ji(计)”“dou(都)”“biaozhun(标准)”in the same period,the usage of“lv(率)”as a participle pronoun gradually disappeared over time,and“mei(每)”took into account both the meaning of its participle pronouns.

关 键 词：“率” 分指代词 “每” 敦煌汉简 

分 类 号：K877.5[历史地理—考古学及博物馆学] H141[历史地理—历史学]