赫章县铅锌矿典型区域土壤及水体重金属污染现状研究  

Study on the status of soil and water heavy metal pollution in typical areas of lead-zinc mines in Hezhang County

作　　者：余浪 胡德勇[1] 汪小勇[1] YU Lang;HU Deyong;WANG Xiaoyong(105th Geological Brigade of Bureau of Geology and Mineral Exploration and Development of Guizhou Province,Guiyang 550018,China)

机构地区：[1]贵州省地质矿产勘查开发局一〇五地质大队,贵阳550018

出　　处：《中国资源综合利用》2022年第8期148-151,共4页China Resources Comprehensive Utilization

基　　金：财政部2019年(第二批)重点生态保护修复治理资金(Z135060009003)。

摘　　要：为研究区域土壤重金属污染及其对区域水体的影响,本文以赫章县妈姑镇-珠市乡-雉街乡铅锌矿典型区域为研究对象。结果表明,研究区表层土壤重金属As、Cd、Cr、Cu、Hg、Ni、Pb、Zn的平均含量分别为41.53 mg/kg、3.46 mg/kg、159.10 mg/kg、92.65 mg/kg、0.28 mg/kg、68.65 mg/kg、277.14 mg/kg、426.80 mg/kg,其是贵州省背景值的2.08~7.87倍。从排序来看,研究区重金属污染呈Cd>Pb>Zn>As>Cu>Cr>Ni>Hg的特征。土壤中重金属浓度的排序为洗矿场>采矿场>冶炼渣>冶炼场>外围耕地。研究区耕地土壤以安全利用为主,面积为17427 hm^(2),占比为72.7%,管控面积为4147 hm^(2),管控元素为Cd和Pb,占比为17.29%。当地实施了铅锌废渣等综合整治工程,目前取得了积极效果,研究区内地表水和地下水水体均未受到重金属污染,但应加强对农用地土壤重金属污染的严格管控和修复。In order to study the regional soil heavy metal pollution and its impact on regional water bodies,this paper takes the typical lead-zinc mine area of Magu Town-Zhushi Township-Zhijie Township in Hezhang County as the research object.The results show that the average contents of heavy metals As,Cd,Cr,Cu,Hg,Ni,Pb and Zn in the surface soil of the study area are 41.53 mg/kg,3.46 mg/kg,159.10 mg/kg,92.65 mg/kg,0.28 mg/kg,68.65 mg/kg,277.14 mg/kg,426.80 mg/kg,which are 2.08~7.87 times of the background value of Guizhou Province.From the ranking point of view,the heavy metal pollution in the study area is characterized by Cd>Pb>Zn>As>Cu>Cr>Ni>Hg.The order of heavy metal concentration in soil is washing field>mining field>smelting slag>smelting field>peripheral cultivated land.The cultivated land soil in the study area is mainly used safely,with an area of 17427 hm^(2),accounting for 72.7%,and the control area is 4147 hm^(2),and the control elements are Cd and Pb,accounting for 17.29%.The local implementation of comprehensive improvement projects such as lead and zinc waste residues has achieved positive results,the surface water and groundwater in the study area are not polluted by heavy metals,but strict control and restoration of heavy metal pollution in agricultural land soil should be strengthened.

关 键 词：铅锌矿典型区域 土壤重金属污染 耕地质量 水体污染 

分 类 号：X52[环境科学与工程—环境工程]