微生物肥在鲜食枣上的应用效果初评  

Preliminary evaluation of the application effect of microbial fertilizer on fresh jujube

作　　者：于婷娟 解小锋 杨绪强 仵涛 聂玉涵 丁云春 YU Tingjuan;XIE Xiaofeng;YANG Xuqiang;WU Tao;NIE Yuhan;DING Yunchun(Jinan Forestry and Fruit Technology Promotion and Industrial Service Center,Jinan,Shandong 250099,China;Wenchang Forestry Station,Changqing District,Jinan,Shandong 250300,China;Shandong Forestry Protection and Development Service Center,Jinan,Shandong 250200,China;Houji Town Government of Cao County,Shandong Province,Cao County,Shandong 274416,China;Jinan Academy of Landscape and Forestry Sciences,Jinan,Shandong 250101,China)

机构地区：[1]济南市林果技术推广和产业服务中心,山东济南250099 [2]长清区文昌林业站,山东济南250300 [3]山东省林业保护和发展服务中心,山东济南250200 [4]山东省曹县侯集镇政府,山东曹县274416 [5]济南市园林和林业科学研究院,山东济南250101

出　　处：《落叶果树》2022年第4期25-28,共4页Deciduous Fruits

摘　　要：以12年生鲁北冬枣和40年生金丝小枣为试材,分别在常规施肥基础上进行增施微生物肥的效果试验,均设增施喷叶型微生物肥处理,于花前、花后、坐果期、幼果期和果实膨大期5次喷叶400~500倍液;灌根型微生物肥处理,于发芽前灌根1次,每666.7 m2施3 L,稀释300倍液。结果表明,2个处理对鲁北冬枣比常规施肥的产量显著增加,喷叶型肥处理在提高百叶重、单果重方面的效果显著优于灌根型肥处理,而在果实硬度方面却显著低于灌根型肥处理;2个处理对金丝小枣比常规施肥的单果重、产量明显提升,成熟期延后7~10 d,喷叶型肥处理在提升果枝比、单果重、可溶性固形物含量、单株产量方面的效果显著优于灌根型肥处理,但可溶性固形物含量有所降低。增施微生物肥后2个品种枣都比各自的常规施肥显著增加经济收入,投入产出比差异不大。This paper studied the effects of microbial fertilizer on 12 years old Ziziphus jujuba Mill. cv. Dongzao and 40 years old Ziziphus jujuba Mill. cv. Jinsixiaozao. Based on traditional fertilizer, the application of foliar fertilizer at pre-anthesis, post-anthesis, fruit setting stage, young fruit stage and fruit-expansion stage on 400~500 times, that root-irrigation before bud-break of 3 L per 666.7 m^(2). The results showed that the two treatments significantly increased the yield of Ziziphus jujuba Mill. cv. Dongzao compared with conventional fertilization, and the effect of spraying foliar fertilizer on increasing the hecto-leaf weight and fruit quality was significantly better than that of root-irrigation fertilizer, but the fruit hardness was significantly lower than that of root-irrigation fertilizer. The single fruit weight and yield of Ziziphus jujuba Mill. cv. Jinsixiaozao in the two treatments were significantly higher than that of conventional fertilization, and the maturity period was delayed by 7 ~ 10 days. Among them, the effect of spraying foliar fertilizer on improving fruit branch ratio, single fruit weight, soluble solid content and single plant yield was significantly better than that of root-irrigation fertilizer, but the soluble solid content was reduced. Microbial fertilizer significantly increased the economic income of the two jujube varieties, and the input-output ratio had little difference.

关 键 词：微生物肥 冬枣 金丝小枣 品质 产量 经济效益 

分 类 号：S665.1[农业科学—果树学]