含能离子盐3-氨基-5-肼基-1,2,4-三唑2,4,6-三硝基-均苯三酚的合成及性能研究  

Synthesis and Properties Study of Energetic Ionic Salt 3-Amino-5-hydrazino-1,2,4-triazolium Trinitro-phloroglucinolate

作　　者：杨真理 张建国[2] 崔立明 张纬经 陆祖嘉 董文帅 YANG Zhen-li;ZHANG Jian-guo;CUI Li-ming;ZHANG Wei-jing;LU Zu-jia;DONG Wen-shuai(School of Chemical Engineering,Anhui University of Science and Technology,Huainan Anhui 232001,China;State Key Laboratory of Explosion Science and Technology,Beijing Institute of Technology,Beijing 100081,China;Zibo Product Quality Testing Research Institute,Zibo Shandong 255000,China;Xi'an Modern Chemistry Research Institute,Xi'an 710065,China)

机构地区：[1]安徽理工大学化学工程学院,安徽淮南232001 [2]北京理工大学爆炸科学与技术国家重点实验室,北京100081 [3]淄博市产品质量检测研究院,山东淄博255000 [4]西安近代化学研究所,陕西西安710065

出　　处：《火炸药学报》2022年第4期472-478,共7页Chinese Journal of Explosives & Propellants

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(No.U1830134);安徽理工大学引进人才科研启动基金(No.2021yjrc52)。

摘　　要：以3,5-二氨基-1,2,4三唑为原料,经重氮化、还原反应以及成盐反应合成一种阴阳离子2:2型含能离子盐3-氨基-5-肼基-1,2,4-三唑2,4,6-三硝基-均苯三酚盐(AHTr·TNPG)。采用X-射线单晶衍射分析、红外光谱、核磁共振谱、质谱和元素分析等对其进行结构表征和理化性能测试;通过差示扫描量热分析技术(DSC)和热重分析技术(TG-DTG)对其热分解行为进行研究;测试了其机械感度,并运用Gaussian 09程序和EXPLO5(V6.04)软件计算了其爆轰参数。结果表明,AHTr·TNPG属于单斜晶系,Cc空间群,晶体密度为1.807g/cm^(3),分解温度为174℃;理论爆速为8475m/s,理论爆压为30.4GPa;实测机械感度低,摩擦感度为324N,撞击感度为30J。AHTr·TNPG展现出良好的热稳定性和优异的爆轰性能,爆轰参数优于TNT和TATB,接近RDX,是一种钝感高能炸药。A novel energetic ionic salt 3-amino-5-hydrazino-1,2,4-triazolium trinitro-phloroglucinolate(AHTr·TNPG)with two cations and two anions was synthesized by diazo,reduction and salt formation by using 3,5-diamino-l,2,4-triazole as raw material.The energetic ionic salt was characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction,FTIR,nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy,mass spectra and elemental analysis.The thermal decomposition behavior was investigated through DSC and TG-DTG technologies.The mechanical sensitivities was tested and the detonation parameters were calculated by Gaussian 09 program and EXPLO5(V6.04)detonation software.The results show that the crystal of AHTr·TNPG belongs to monoclinic system with space group Cc.It has a high crystal density of 1.807g/cm^(3)with decomposition temperature of 174℃.The calculated detonation velocity and pressure were 8475m/s and 30.4GPa,respectively.It exhibits low mechanical sensitivity with friction sensitivity of 324N and impact sensitivity of 30J.AHTr·TNPG has much higher detonation performances than those of traditional energetic compounds TNT and TATB,and approach to RDX.The above merits make AHTr·TNPG a promising high energy insensitive explosive.

关 键 词：有机化学 3-氨基-5-肼基-1 2 4-三唑 AHTr·TNPG含能离子盐 晶体结构 富氮含能化合物 

分 类 号：TJ55[兵器科学与技术—军事化学与烟火技术] O62[理学—有机化学]