欧盟碳定价机制经验及对我国的启示  

Experience of EU Carbon Pricing Mechanism and Its Enlightenment to China

作　　者：袁剑琴[1] 

机构地区：[1]国家信息中心经济预测部,北京100045

出　　处：《中国能源》2022年第7期10-15,共6页Energy of China

摘　　要：碳定价是通过外部成本内部化来激励减排的有效手段,是当前各国落实《巴黎协定》应对气候变化的有效、可信的政策工具.从国际经验来看,碳定价机制主要包括碳排放权交易、碳税和碳减排信用体系,碳排放权交易和碳税是碳定价机制的主要手段,碳信用体系是有效补充.作为碳定价机制最成熟的区域,欧盟随着碳排放交易体系的加速改革、跨境碳定价机制的持续推进和碳金融的创新发展,其碳定价机制日渐成熟.我国应吸收欧盟碳定价机制的成功经验,推进碳排放权交易市场建设,建立健全碳市场核算方法及标准,完善碳交易市场的体制机制,稳步推动碳金融发展,加快推进碳普惠机制,逐步探索完善符合我国国情碳定价的长效机制.Carbon pricing is an effective way to motivate emission reduction through internalization of external costs,and is an effective and credible policy tool for economies to implement the Paris Agreement to address climate change.Based on the international experience,carbon pricing mechanism mainly includes carbon emission right trading,carbon tax and carbon emission reduction credit system.Carbon emission right trading and carbon tax are the main means of carbon pricing mechanism,and carbon credit system is an effective supplement.As the region with the most mature carbon pricing mechanism,the EUs carbon pricing mechanism is increasingly mature due to the accelerated reform of carbon emission trading system,the continuous promotion of cross-border carbon pricing mechanism and the innovative development of carbon finance.China should fully absorb the successful experience of the EU carbon pricing mechanism,push forward the construction of carbon emissions trading market,establish the methods and standards of carbon accounting,improve the mechanism of carbon trading market system,steadily promote the development of carbon finance and carbon inclusion mechanism,and gradually explore the long-term carbon pricing mechanism in line with China's national conditions.

关 键 词：碳定价 碳排放交易体系 碳税 碳信用市场 

分 类 号：F416[经济管理—产业经济]