化学性职业中毒事件中毒物的快速筛查与检测技术研究进展  

Research progress in rapid screening and detection technology for chemical occupational poisoning

作　　者：夏义平[1] 刘保峰[1] 刘蒙蒙 曾强[1] XIA Yi-ping;LIU Bao-feng;LIU Meng-meng;ZENG Qiang(Tianjin Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Tianjin,300011,China)

机构地区：[1]天津市疾病预防控制中心职业病预防控制室,天津300011

出　　处：《职业与健康》2022年第15期2151-2155,2160,共6页Occupation and Health

基　　金：天津市卫生健康科技项目(ZC20084);天津市医学重点学科(专科)建设项目资助。

摘　　要：化学性职业中毒具有发病急、中毒症状重、原因难查、致死率高等特点,第一时间实现毒物的定性与定量筛查是正确处置这类职业中毒的关键。因此,要求毒物的检验工作从单一种类毒物定向检验逐渐转向多目标毒物和未知毒物的非定向筛查。我们对化学性职业中毒事件中毒物的筛查技术进行了较全面的综述,对各种检测技术的优缺点进行了比较分析,为化学性职业中毒毒物筛查技术的完善与发展提供一定的参考和借鉴。Chemical occupational poisoning have some features,such as Acute onset,severe poisoning symptoms,difficult to check the cause,high mortality,and the first time to achieve qualitative and quantitative screening of poisons is the key to correctly deal with this kind of occupational poisoning.Therefore,the detection of poison is required to change from target detection for single poison to non-target screening for multiple target and unknown poisons.We review the screening techniques for the poisons of chemical occupational poisoning,compare and analyze the advantages and disadvantages of various detection techniques,in order to provide some reference for the improvement and development of screening techniques of chemical occupational poisoning.

关 键 词：筛查技术 非定向筛查 化学性职业中毒 

分 类 号：R134.4[医药卫生—劳动卫生]