平台经济垄断利润的来源与反垄断监管  

The Source of Monopoly Profit of Platform Economy and Anti-Monopoly Supervision

作　　者：杨天宇[1] Yang Tianyu

机构地区：[1]中国人民大学应用经济学院,北京100872

出　　处：《马克思主义研究》2022年第6期96-104,156,共10页Studies on Marxism

摘　　要：本文构建了一个基于劳动价值论的垄断利润分析框架,并以此为基础分析了平台经济垄断利润的来源及其与非平台经济的区别。研究发现,非平台经济中的垄断企业可以通过垄断定价获得来自企业自身剩余劳动和部门间价值转移的垄断利润。而在平台经济中,即使没有垄断定价,平台垄断企业仍然可以通过部门间价值转移和企业自身剩余劳动获取垄断利润,其中部门间价值转移是其垄断利润的主要来源,具体途径包括流量垄断带来的佣金增长,以及规模优势带来的成本分摊效应和在线营销收入。针对平台经济的特征,平台经济反垄断的重点应是限制垄断企业的网络外部性,鼓励创业者建立小型平台企业,以及加强对互联网平台在线营销、差别待遇和研发创新等行为的监管。This paper constructs a monopoly profit analysis framework on the basis of labor theory of value,and analyzes the source of monopoly profit in platform economy and its difference from non-platform economy.It is found that monopoly enterprises in non-platform economy can obtain monopoly profits from their own surplus labor and inter-departmental value transfer by setting monopoly price;while in platform economy,even without monopoly pricing,platform monopoly enterprises can still obtain monopoly profits through inter-departmental value transfer and their own surplus labor,among which inter-departmental value transfer is the main source of monopoly profits.The specific ways include increases in commission from traffic monopoly,cost sharing effect and online marketing income from scale advantage.According to the characteristics of the platform economy,the focus of anti-monopoly of platform economy should be to limit the network externalities of monopoly enterprises,encourage entrepreneurs to establish small-scale platforms,and strengthen the supervision of market behaviors such as online marketing,differential treatment,R&D and innovation on Internet platforms.

关 键 词：平台经济 反垄断 垄断利润 劳动价值论 

分 类 号：F49[经济管理—产业经济] D922.294[政治法律—经济法学]