基于空调使用大数据的夏季居民热不舒适温度地区差异研究  

Regional Difference of Residents’ Thermal Discomfort Temperature in Summer Based on Big Data of Air-conditioner Usage

作　　者：闫树睿 刘念雄[1] 石峰[2] YAN Shu-rui;LIU Nian-xiong;SHI Feng(School of Architecture,Tsinghua University,Beijing 100084,China;School of Architecture and Civil Engineering,Xiamen University,Xiamen 361005,Fjian,China)

机构地区：[1]清华大学建筑学院,北京100084 [2]厦门大学建筑与土木工程学院,福建厦门361005

出　　处：《建筑节能（中英文）》2022年第7期24-29,共6页Building Energy Efficiency

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(52078262,51778549,52078443)。

摘　　要：空调的开启行为能够在一定程度上反映人们的热不舒适感受。采用基于空调使用行为的热感觉投票方法,对我国寒冷地区、夏热冬冷地区、夏热冬暖地区3个气候区的居民夏季热不舒适上限温度进行统计,并对地区差异进行了比较分析。这一方法避免了基于问卷的热感觉投票中被试者真实行为和问卷结果不匹配的问题。结果表明,夏热冬冷地区、寒冷地区、夏热冬暖地区的空调开启平均温度分别为30.1℃、29.7℃、29.4℃。夏热冬冷地区居民热不舒适耐受温度较高,寒冷地区次之,夏热冬暖地区较低。此外,就物理环境因素而言,室外温度、空气湿度对夏热冬冷地区热不舒适的影响较其他地区更为明显,而室外风速对寒冷地区的影响要大于其他地区。The air conditioner turning on behavior can reflect people’s thermal discomfort to some certain extent. This study used the air-conditioner usage behavior based on thermal sensation vote method to analyze the thermal discomfort upper limit temperature of residents in three climate regions in China, including the cold region, summer hot and winter cold region, summer hot and winter warm region, and then compared the regional difference. Comparing with the questionnaire-based thermal sensation vote, this method avoids the deviation between the actual behaviors and questionnaire results. Results showed that the average air-conditioner turning on temperature in the three regions is about 30.1 ℃, 29.7 ℃, and 29.4 ℃, which means the residents in summer hot and winter cold regions have higher tolerance to high temperature environments, followed by cold regions, and hot summer and warm winter regions shows the least tolerance. In addition, in terms of physical environmental factors, outdoor temperature and air humidity have more obvious effects on thermal discomfort in summer hot and winter cold region than other regions, while outdoor wind speed has a greater impact on cold regions than other regions.

关 键 词：适应性热舒适 热不舒适 热感觉投票 空调使用行为 住宅热舒适 

分 类 号：TU111[建筑科学—建筑理论]