海军南方某部队赴北方高寒区驻训期间成批量冻伤的调查分析及处置体会  

Investigation,analysis and experience in treatment of a batch of frostbite casualties from a certain Navy unit in South China when they were deployed to extremely frigid regions in North China for military training

作　　者：查选平 陈新雨 林妹 雷馥铭 孙伟 周淑蓉 Zha Xuanping;Chen Xinyu;Lin Mei;Lei Fuming;Sun Wei;Zhou Shurong(Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery,First Naval Hospital of Southern Theater Command,PLA,Zhanjiang 524000,China)

机构地区：[1]解放军南部战区海军第一医院烧伤整形外科,广东湛江524000 [2]解放军92057部队保障部卫生科

出　　处：《海军医学杂志》2022年第6期561-564,共4页Journal of Navy Medicine

摘　　要：目的调查海军南方某部队严寒季节在北方高寒区驻训期间成批量冻伤的伤情特点,探讨应用CITE创面诊治原则处理冻伤的临床疗效。方法回顾性分析2018年底及2019年底海军南方某部队在严寒季节分2批前往北方高寒区某综合训练场进行野外驻训期间官兵的冻伤情况,调查训练时的气温、装备、课目等,统计冻伤的总人数、各度冻伤人数、冻伤部位和冻伤发生时机等。冻伤伤病员返回南方驻地后进行检伤分类,并按CITE创面诊治原则进行处理。结果2018年3500名驻训人员中冻伤106例,2019年2800名驻训人员中冻伤38例,冻伤发生率分别为3.03%和1.36%,2组差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。2组除训练时的气温(分别为−35℃和−20℃)差别较大外,防冻装备、训练内容等基本相同。2组冻伤伤病员中Ⅰ度冻伤均较多,分别为92例(发生率为2.63%)及29例(发生率为1.04%);前足部好发,分别为96例(占90.6%)及31例(占81.6%)。在冻伤发生时机方面,站立半小时以上冻伤分别为81例(占76.4%)及29例(占76.3%),与其他时机比较差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。返回南方驻地后进行分类医疗处理,效果满意,无伤残发生。结论尽管我军防寒装备及方法已取得长足进步,但在严寒天气野外驻训时仍可能发生成批大量冻伤,防寒防冻研究仍需加强。在处理成批伤员时,在坚持检伤分类、分级救治等战伤救治原则的同时,还应坚持“肿胀不消,伤口难愈”的CITE创面诊治原则和以消肿为中心环节的肢体外伤的救治理念。Objective To investigate the injury features of a batch of frostbite casualties from a certain Navy unit in South China when were deployed to extremely frigid regions in North China for military training,and to discuss the clinical efficacy of the CITE wound treatment principle of serious frostbite.Methods The paper made a retrospective analyses of the 2 batches of frostbite casualties who sustained cold injuries when deployed to a comprehensive training ground at the end of 2018 and end of 2019 in the ex⁃tremely frigid regions in North China for military training.The contents of investigation included air temperature,protective equip⁃ment and training subjects.The total number of frostbite casualties,the number of people with various degrees of frostbite,sites of frostbites,as well as occurrence time were statistically analyzed.Triage of casualties was made after they returned to the southern base and they were treated in accordance with the diagnostic and treatment principles of CITE wound surface.Results Of the 3500 train⁃ing personnel deployed to the north for training in 2018,106 sustained frostbite,and of the 2800 military personnel sent to the winter training site in 2019,38 were seized with frostbite,with cold injury incidence rates of respectively 3.03%and 1.36%.Statistical sig⁃nificance could be noted,when comparisons were made between the 2 groups(P<0.05).With the exception that there was much dif⁃ference in air temperature(respectively-35℃and-20℃)when the 2 groups underwent military training,other conditions such as protective equipment or systems were basically the same.In 2018 and 2019,there were relatively more I°frostbite injuries in the two batches of trainees,with incidence rates of 2.63%(92 cases)and 1.04%(29 cases)respectively.The forefoot was more vulnerable to frostbite,with totally 96 cases in the former year,accounting for 90.6%,and 31 cases in the latter year,accounting for 81.6%re⁃spectively.With regard to the mechanism of frostbite,81 cases were induced due to long time

关 键 词：驻训 冻伤 高寒区 成批伤员 创面 

分 类 号：R826.8[医药卫生—临床医学]