黄河下游防洪工程区种子植物区系研究  

Study on Flora of Seed Plants in Flood Control Engineering Area of Lower Yellow River

作　　者：李家东 张自浩 张效艳 Li Jiadong;Zhang Zihao;Zhang Xiaoyan(Institute of Yellow River Water Resources Protection,Zhengzhou 450003,China)

机构地区：[1]黄河水资源保护科学研究院,河南郑州450003

出　　处：《中国野生植物资源》2022年第8期95-104,共10页Chinese Wild Plant Resources

摘　　要：植物区系研究通常与植物群落学、植被生态学研究相结合,对于理解植物群落的组成、结构、演替等特征具有重要意义。为探讨黄河下游十四五防洪区植被区系性质、特征,对黄河下游十四五防洪区的拟建工程区、已建工程区、典型黄河滩地等进行植物群落调查。通过对研究区植物的采样、物种鉴别、植物区系的统计和分类进行植物区系分析。结果表明:研究区共有种子植物47科119属156种,包括裸子植物1科1属1种,被子植物46科118属155种。科的地理成分一共分布在5个分布区类型的7个变型内,以世界广布和泛热带分布为主,分别为61.71%和21.28%。属的分布整体与科相似,但分化较多,共分布在12个分布区类型的21个变型内,以世界分布和泛热带分布为主,分别为29.41%和25.21%。禾本科、菊科在属和种的数量上都有着较大的优势,整体上呈现出热带温带亲缘性,同时具有少数科类多种,但整体上寡种的特征,是整个黄河生态系统连续体的重要内容。掌握防洪区植被区系组成,为黄河下游生物多样性保护、植物资源可持续开发利用与植物保护提供科学依据。Floristic region research is usually combined with the research of plant community and vegeta⁃tion ecology,which is of great significance for understanding the composition,structure,succession and other characteristics of plant communities.In order to explore the nature and characteristics of vegetation flora in the 14th Five-Year flood control area of the lower Yellow River,the plant communities in the pro⁃posed engineering area,the built engineering area and the typical Yellow River beach in the flood control area were investigated.Flora analysis through sampling,species identification,statistics and classifica⁃tion of flora in the study area.The results showed that there were 156 species of seed plants belonging to 119 genera and 47 families in the study area,including 1 species of gymnosperms belonging to 1 genera and 1 family,and 155 species of angiosperms belonging to 118 genera and 46 families.The geographical components of families are mainly distributed in cosmopolitan and pantropic,which are 61.71%and 21.28%,respectively,and are distributed in seven variants of five distribution types.The distribution of the genus is similar to that of the family,but more differentiated.A total of 21 variants of 12 flora types are distributed,mainly in cosmopolitan distribution and pantropical distribution,accounting for 29.41%and 25.21%.Gramineae and Compositae have great advantages in genera and species,showing tropical temperate affinity as a whole.There are many families,but on the whole there are few species,which is an important part of the continuum of the whole Yellow River ecosystem.Mastering the composition of vegetation flora in flood control area provides scientific basis for biodiversity conservation,sustainable de⁃velopment and utilization of plant resources and plant protection in the lower reaches of the Yellow River.

关 键 词：黄河下游 植物区系 防洪工程 河岸带 

分 类 号：Q941[生物学—植物学]