峭壁反射港区波高分布模型试验研究  

Experimental study on the wave distribution in the port area with cliffs

作　　者：朱颖涛 刘鸣洋 陈汉宝[1] 范波 ZHU Ying-tao;LIU Ming-yang;CHEN Han-bao;FAN Bo(Tianjin Research Institute for Water Transport Engineering,National Engineering Research Center of Port Hydraulic Construction Technology,Key Laboratory of Engineering Sediment of the Ministry of Transport,Tianjin 300456,China;SEPCOIII Electric Power Construction Co.Ltd.,Qingdao 266061,China)

机构地区：[1]交通运输部天津水运工程科学研究所港口水工建筑技术国家工程研究中心工程泥沙交通行业重点实验室,天津300456 [2]山东电力建设第三工程有限公司,青岛266061

出　　处：《水道港口》2022年第3期313-319,共7页Journal of Waterway and Harbor

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(52101316);天津市科技计划项目(21JCQNJC00480);中央级公益性科研院所科研创新基金项目(TKS20210405)。

摘　　要：针对福建福清海亮沃口一级渔港工程,通过三维物理模型试验观察了港外不同入射方向的波浪经防波堤南、北口门进入港内的绕射,受峭壁形态的自然岸线反射以及沿防波堤和自然岸线消散的现象,得到了港内泊稳波要素分布以及满足泊稳条件的水域面积随堤身长度变化的演变规律。试验结果表明:由于东防波堤南堤头和南防波堤之间的南口门较小,港外SE、ESE、S和SSE向浪传入港内时衰减明显,仅口门附近区域不满足泊稳条件;港外NNE和ENE向浪主要经东防波堤北堤头和港区西侧峭壁之间的北口门进入港内,NNE向浪由于波高和周期较小,主要在北堤头发生绕射和沿西侧自然岸线消散,ENE向浪主要受西侧峭壁反射进入港内中心水域;港外NNE向浪和ENE向浪情况下,减小东防波堤北段长度100 m和175 m,港内泊稳水域面积相比原设计方案均有减小,尤以ENE向浪情况下减小程度更显著。除泊稳面积有明显变化外,该工程的岸线对波浪的反射现象还呈现出类似于直立岸壁反射的规律,即波浪反射方向的指向性较集中。The wave propagation in the basin of Fuqing Fishing Port is studied by model experiments. The diffraction around the south and north entrances, the reflection by the steep coastline and the dissipation along the breakwater and the shore are observed, and the variation of berthing conditions with the length of the breakwater is investigated. It is indicated from the model experiments that the dissipation of the waves from the directions of southeast, east-southeast, south and south-southeast are obvious and there is only small area around the south entrance dissatisfying the berthing stability;the wave from the direction of north-northeast is mainly diffracted around the north head of the breakwater and dissipated along the west coastline;the wave from the direction of east-northeast is mainly reflected by the cliff and then enters the center of the basin. When the length of the breakwater is shortened by 100 m and 175 m from the north head, the area of the region where the berthing stability is satisfied decreases much, especially for the wave direction of east-southeast. In addition to the change of the mooring area, the reflection of the cliff to the wave also presents a similar law as the reflection by a vertical wall, that is, the direction of wave reflection is relatively concentrated.

关 键 词：峭壁 反射 模型试验 绕射 泊稳 

分 类 号：U65[交通运输工程—港口、海岸及近海工程] TV143[交通运输工程—船舶与海洋工程]