连作西洋参根际土壤化感物质筛选及化感效应分析  

Allelochemical Substances Screening and their Allelopathic Effects Analysis in Rhizosphere Soil of Continuous Cropping American Ginseng

作　　者：李丽[1] 蒋景龙[2] 董艳鑫 舒瑜 LI Lil;JIANG Jinglong;DONG Yanxin;SHU Yu(Shaanxi Province Key Laboratory of Catalytic Foundation and Application,School of Chemical&.Environmental Sciences,Shaanxi University of Technology,Hanzhong Shaanxi 723001,China;School of Biological Science and Engineering,Shaanxi University of Technology,Hanzhong Shaanxi 723001,China)

机构地区：[1]陕西省催化基础与应用重点实验室,陕西理工大学化学与环境科学学院,陕西汉中723001 [2]陕西理工大学生物科学与工程学院,陕西汉中723001

出　　处：《西北农业学报》2022年第8期1046-1057,共12页Acta Agriculturae Boreali-occidentalis Sinica

基　　金：陕西理工大学科研基金(SLG1909);陕西理工大学国培重点实验室项目(SLGPT2019KF04-03)。

摘　　要：为了筛选西洋参连作过程中的化感物质,采用基于液质联用(LC-MS)的非靶向代谢组学技术对蒸馏水(CK)、4 a生西洋参水提液(GT)及其根际土壤浸提液(ST)浇灌的西洋参幼苗栽培土壤进行分析。结果显示,44种差异代谢物被质谱鉴定,其中22种差异代谢物VIP>1.4且P<0.001。这些差异代谢物包括皂苷、生物碱、酮及黄酮、有机酸、萜、醇和香豆素等。进一步采用HPLC对差异代谢物Ginsenoside Rg3、Ginsenoside Rg2、Indole-3-acetic acid、Methyl indole-3-acetate、Marmesin、Cytisine和Senecionine进行验证,发现这7种代谢物含量变化与代谢组学检测的结果一致。与CK相比,GT组Ginsenoside Rg3、Ginsenoside Rg2和Methyl indole-3-acetate含量显著增加;ST组Indole-3-acetic acid、Methyl indole-3-acetate、Marmesin、和Senecionine含量显著增加,Cytisine含量显著下降。化感作用分析发现,这7种代谢物对白菜种子萌发、白菜根和茎的生长均有不同程度的化感抑制作用。这些结果表明西洋参在重茬过程中分泌到土壤的次生代谢物质积累可能是导致西洋参连作障碍发生的潜在化感物质。To screen allelochemicals in the continuous cropping of American ginseng,non-targeted metabolomics technology based on liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry(LC-MS)was used to analyze the rhizosphere soil of American ginseng treated with distilled water(CK),root extract(GT)and rhizosphere soil extract(ST)from 4-year-old American ginseng,respectively.The results showed that 44 differential metabolites were identified by mass spectrometry,of which 22 differential metabolites were VIP>1.4 and P<0.001.These differential metabolites included saponins,alkaloids,ketones and flavonoids,organic acids,terpenes,alcohols and coumarins.Additionally,the differential metabolites Ginsenoside Rg3,Ginsenoside Rg2,Indole-3-acetic acid,Methyl indole-3-acetate,Marmesin,Cytisine and Senecionine were further verified by HPLC.The data showed that the changes in the content of these 7 metabolites were found to be consistent with the results of metabolomics detection.The contents of Ginsenoside Rg3,Ginsenoside Rg2 and Methyl indole-3-acetate in GT group and the contents of Indole-3-acetic acid,Methyl indole-3-acetate,Marmesin,and Senecionine in ST group were significantly increased compared with the CK group,however,the content of Cytisine was significantly deceased.These seven metabolites had different degrees of allelopathic inhibition on cabbage seed germination and their roots and stems growth through allelopathic analysis.The results of this study indicated that the metabolites secreted into the soil during the continuous cropping of American ginseng may be the potential allelochemicals leading to the occurrence of continuous cropping obstacles of American ginseng.

关 键 词：西洋参 代谢组学 化感作用 根际土壤 连作障碍 

分 类 号：R282.2[医药卫生—中药学]