漓江上游灵渠丰枯水期水量水质综合变化分析  

Analysis on comprehensive variation of water quantity and quality in Lingqu Canal in upper reaches of Lijiang River during wet and dry seasons

作　　者：李哲卿 张红艳 许景璇 白凯华 代俊峰 LI Zheqing;ZHANG Hongyan;XU Jingxuan;BAI Kaihua;DAI Junfeng(College of Environmental Science and Engineering,Guilin University of Technology,Guilin 541004,China;Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Center for Water Pollution Control and Water Security in Karst Region,Guilin 541004,China;Guilin Hydrology Center,Guilin 541000,China;Guangxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control Theory and Technology,Guilin 541004,China)

机构地区：[1]桂林理工大学环境科学与工程学院,广西桂林541004 [2]广西岩溶地区水污染控制与用水安全保障协同创新中心,广西桂林541004 [3]桂林水文中心,广西桂林541000 [4]广西环境污染控制理论与技术重点实验室,广西桂林541004

出　　处：《人民长江》2022年第8期43-49,共7页Yangtze River

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2019YFC0507502);广西科技重大专项课题(桂科AA20161004-1);桂林市科学研究与技术开发计划重大专项(20180101-1);广西科技计划项目(桂科AD19245056);广西高校中青年教师科研基础能力提升项目(2019KY0257)。

摘　　要：为了研究漓江上游灵渠丰枯水期水量和水质的变化,选取灵渠水文站1960~2019年径流和2004~2019年高锰酸盐指数、氨氮与总磷水质数据,使用统计分析法、Mann-Kendall法、Spearman秩相关系数和综合污染指数对水量水质进行综合分析。结果表明:①在丰、枯水期的年际变化方面,灵渠高锰酸盐指数浓度都呈现不显著的上升趋势,氨氮浓度都呈现显著的下降趋势,总磷浓度呈不显著的下降趋势;年际间高锰酸盐指数浓度的变化比氨氮、总磷剧烈。②枯水期径流与高锰酸盐指数、氨氮、总磷浓度和污染物通量的相关性,大于丰水期径流与污染物浓度和污染物通量的相关性。③径流量增大对高锰酸盐指数的稀释作用起主导作用,然而,径流量增大引起的氨氮和总磷污染物入河的增加量,大于径流量对河流氮磷污染物的稀释量(能力)。④丰、枯水期的高锰酸盐指数浓度随着径流的增加而减小,高锰酸盐指数污染以点源为主;丰、枯水期氨氮、总磷浓度随着径流的增加而增加,氮磷污染以面源为主。In order to study the changes of water quantity and quality of Lingqu Canal in the upper reaches of the Lijiang River during the wet and dry seasons,the runoff of Lingqu hydrological station from 1960 to 2019 and the water quality data of permanganate index,ammonia nitrogen and total phosphorus from 2004 to 2019 were selected,and the statistical analysis method,Mann-Kendall method,Spearman rank correlation coefficient and comprehensive pollution index were used to comprehensively analyze the water quantity and quality.The results showed that:①In terms of the annual changes in the wet and dry seasons,the permanganate index concentration in Lingqu Canal showed an insignificant upward trend,the ammonia nitrogen concentration showed a significant downward trend,and the total phosphorus concentration showed an insignificant downward trend;the change of permanganate index concentration between years was more severe than that of ammonia nitrogen and total phosphorus.②The correlation between runoff and permanganate index,ammonia nitrogen,total phosphorus concentration and pollutant flux in dry season was greater than that in wet season.③The increase of runoff played a leading role in the dilution of permanganate index.However,the increasing flux of ammonia nitrogen and total phosphorus pollutants into the river caused by the increase of runoff was greater than the dilution(capacity)to nitrogen and phosphorus pollutants by the river runoff increment.④The concentration of permanganate index decreased with the increase of runoff in wet and dry seasons,indicating that it was mainly point source;the concentrations of ammonia nitrogen and total phosphorus increased with the increase of runoff in wet and dry seasons,showing a characteristics of non-point source.

关 键 词：丰枯水期 水量水质综合变化 污染物浓度 污染物通量 径流 相关性分析 灵渠 漓江 

分 类 号：P343.3[天文地球—水文科学]