栽培稻响应干旱胁迫的生理及分子调控机制  

Physiological and molecular regulation mechanism of response to drought stress in cultivated rice

作　　者：徐凯[1] 周立国[1] 余舜武[1] 陈守俊[1] 马孝松[1] 楼巧君[1] 刘鸿艳[1] 廖志刚 夏辉[1] 刘灶长[1] 陈亮[1] 罗利军[1] XU Kai;ZHOU Liguo;YU Shunwu;CHEN Shoujun;MA Xiaosong;LOU Qiaojun;LIU Hongyan;LIAO Zhigang;XIA Hui;LIU Zaochang;CHEN Liang;LUO Lijun(Shanghai Agrobiological Gene Center,Shanghai 201106,China)

机构地区：[1]上海市农业生物基因中心,上海201106

出　　处：《上海农业学报》2022年第4期56-65,共10页Acta Agriculturae Shanghai

基　　金：国家自然科学基金重点项目(31930080);上海市自然科学基金项目(19ZR1446900、20ZR1449300)。

摘　　要：栽培稻作为主要的粮食作物,消耗了大量的农业用水。解析栽培稻抵抗干旱胁迫的调控机制,培育节水抗旱稻,对于节约淡水资源、保障粮食安全具有重要意义。在长期的进化过程中,栽培稻形成了渗透调节、活性氧有毒物质的清除、气孔调节等多种生理生化机制来适应干旱胁迫,这其中涉及大量基因参与的分子调控途径。笔者结合其研究对近年来在栽培稻响应干旱胁迫的生理生化过程、抗旱基因挖掘及其参与的分子调控机制方面取得的进展进行综述,并对存在的问题和未来的发展趋势进行讨论。As one of the main food crops,cultivated rice consumes a lot of agricultural water.Dissection of the regulation mechanism of rice drought resistance and development of new varieties of water-saving and drought-resistance rice are of great significance to ensure the safety of grain production.In the long-term evolution process,cultivated rice has developed a variety of physiological and biochemical mechanisms,such as osmotic adjustment,scavenging of reactive oxygen species,stomatal regulation,etc.A large number of genes are involved in the molecular regulation of drought resistance in cultivated rice.Based on the recent progress of the authors,this paper reviewed the research progresses in rice physiological and biochemical process of cultivated rice responding to drought stress,drought resistance genes discovery and their molecular regulation mechanism,and discussed the existing problems and the future development trend.

关 键 词：水稻 抗旱性 生理机制 功能基因 调控机制 

分 类 号：S511[农业科学—作物学]