浙江五岭坑原生常绿阔叶林群落的动态特征  

Dynamic Characteristics of Primary Evergreen Broad-leaved Forest in Wulingkeng Mountain,Zhejiang Province

作　　者：周荣飞 吴义松 蔡焕满 吴敏 吴素美 刘金亮 吴友贵 ZHOU Rong-fei;WU Yi-song;CAI Huan-man;WU Min;WU Su-mei;LIU Jin-liang;WU You-gui(Qingyuan Conservation Center of Qianjiangyuan-Baishanzu National Park of Zhejiang,Qingyuan 323800,China;College of Life and Environmental Science of Wenzhou University,Wenzhou 325035,China)

机构地区：[1]钱江源-百山祖国家公园庆元保护中心,浙江庆元323800 [2]温州大学生命与环境科学学院,浙江温州325035

出　　处：《浙江林业科技》2022年第5期1-8,共8页Journal of Zhejiang Forestry Science and Technology

基　　金：百山祖国家公园科技项目资助(2021KFLY10)。

摘　　要：为掌握原生常绿阔叶林的群落结构和物种多样性水平的动态特征,选择浙江五岭坑现存的原生常绿阔叶林为研究对象,对1个1 hm^(2)和4个30 m×30 m样方内胸径≥1 cm树木2012—2017年的死亡、补员和生长情况进行统计分析。结果表明:(1)2012—2017年,样地内胸径≥1 cm的死亡树木共计1277株,隶属于93个物种,分别占样地个体总数和物种总数的12.21%和65.49%;新增胸径≥1 cm的树木412株,隶属于50个物种,分别占样地个体总数和物种总数的3.94%和35.92%;死亡植株个体数量与径阶之间存在极显著的指数负相关关系。(2)年死亡率最高和最低的分别为海桐山矾Symplocos heishanensis(9.27%)和木荷Schima superba(0.52%);年补员率最高的为三花冬青Ilex triflora(2.45%),没有补员的物种有7个乔木树种;相较而言,灌木树种具有较高的死亡率和较高的补员率。(3)胸径≥1 cm的活立木的胸高断面积增长比例为4.59%,平均胸径增长0.55 cm;而胸径≥5 cm的活立木的胸高断面积增长比例为1.04%,平均胸径增长0.47 cm。以上结果说明,浙江五岭坑亚热带原生常绿阔叶林群落个体死亡率较高,补员率较低,林下更新困难,林木生长缓慢,种群动态存在较大的种间差异。In August 2012,3 sample plots with area of 100 m×100 m were established in primary evergreen broad-leaved forest in Wulingkeng Mountain,Zhejiang province.Investigations were conducted on species,DBH,height,crown diameter,growth traits of woody plant with DBH≥1 cm,and in 2017,the same investigation was carried out and with dead and new trees.The result demonstrated that 1277 trees(up to 12.21%of the total ones)died from 2012 to 2017,belonged to 93 species and accounted for 65.49%of the total ones.There had 412 new trees with DBH≥1 cm(3.94%of the total ones),belonged to 50 species(35.92%of the total ones).The number of dead trees had significant exponential negative relation with their diameter classes.The tree species with the highest annual mortality was Symplocos heishanensis(9.27%),while Schima superba had the lowest one(0.52%).The highest number of new tree was Ilex triflora(2.45%),and seven arbor species had no new trees during 2012 to 2017,while shrub had relative higher mortality and replacement rate than arbor species.The growth rate of the basal area of living wood with DBH≥1 cm increased 4.59%,and the average DBH increased 0.55 cm.The growth rate of basal area of living wood with DBH≥5 cm increased 1.04%,and the average DBH increased 0.47 cm.The results indicated that the subtropical primary evergreen broad-leaved forest had higher tree mortality and less new trees,meaning difficult understory regeneration and slow tree growth.

关 键 词：常绿阔叶林 群落结构 死亡率 补员率 胸径 五岭坑 

分 类 号：S718.54[农业科学—林学]