夏及早商时期晋南地区的冶铜技术——以山西绛县西吴壁遗址为例  

Technology of Copper Metallurgy in the Southern Shanxi Region during the Xia and Early Shang Periods: Case Study of the Xiwubi Site in Jiangxian, Shanxi

作　　者：崔春鹏 戴向明 田伟 汤毓赟 Cui Chunpeng

机构地区：[1]中国国家博物馆考古院,北京市100006

出　　处：《考古》2022年第7期96-108,共13页Archaeology

基　　金：山西绛县西吴壁冶铜遗址考古发掘项目的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：前言夏及早商时期是中原地区青铜文明逐渐发展并得以迅速壮大的关键阶段,其先进的冶铸技术也是中原地区自青铜时代开始成为东亚地区稳固文明中心的主要推动因素。然而目前冶金考古领域的相关研究成果却十分有限,学者们仅就二里头、东下冯、垣曲商城出土的冶金遗物以及运城盆地东部考察发现的冶金遗物进行过实验室分析与探讨。The study of metallurgical remains from scientific excavations in the Central Plains during the Xia and Early Shang periods clearly remains inadequate.To address this inadequacy,scientific analysis of 75 pieces of slag,furnace walls with slag,and ore excavated from each stage of the Xiwubi site,Jiang County,Shanxi,was conducted in order to reveal relevant technical features.The present paper suggests that all final products were made of copper and that metallurgy during the Erligang culture period was significantly more sophisticated than that of the Late Erlitou culture period.This paper also discusses the metallurgical efficiency,ore sources,and production patterns of the period.It is noteworthy that arsenic ore was first found among metallurgical sites dating to the Xia and Shang periods.Careful analysis of metallurgical technologies in southern Shanxi during the 17-13th centuries BC undoubtedly has great significance for further understanding the early history of civilization and societal complexity in the Central Plains.

关 键 词：二里头文化 二里岗文化 晋南地区 西吴壁遗址 冶金技术 

分 类 号：K878[历史地理—考古学及博物馆学] K222[历史地理—历史学] K223